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2024-02-01lkdtm: Make lkdtm_do_action() return to avoid tail call optimizationDouglas Anderson1-8/+14
The comments for lkdtm_do_action() explicitly call out that it shouldn't be inlined because we want it to show up in stack crawls. However, at least with some compilers / options it's still vanishing due to tail call optimization. Let's add a return value to the function to make it harder for the compiler to do tail call optimization here. Now that we have a return value, we can actually use it in the callers, which is a minor improvement in the code. Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240122164935.1.I345e485f36babad76370c59659a706723750d950@changeid Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
2023-05-31lkdtm: replace ll_rw_block with submit_bhYue Zhao1-1/+1
Function ll_rw_block was removed in commit 79f597842069 ("fs/buffer: remove ll_rw_block() helper"). There is no unified function to sumbit read or write buffer in block layer for now. Consider similar sematics, we can choose submit_bh() to replace ll_rw_block() as predefined crash point. In submit_bh(), it also takes read or write flag as the first argument and invoke submit_bio() to submit I/O request to block layer. Fixes: 79f597842069 ("fs/buffer: remove ll_rw_block() helper") Signed-off-by: Yue Zhao <[email protected]> Acked-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2022-04-12lkdtm: Move crashtype definitions into each categoryKees Cook1-107/+31
It's long been annoying that to add a new LKDTM test one had to update lkdtm.h and core.c to get it "registered". Switch to a per-category list and update the crashtype walking code in core.c to handle it. This also means that all the lkdtm_* tests themselves can be static now. Cc: Arnd Bergmann <[email protected]> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
2022-02-16lkdtm: Add a test for function descriptors protectionChristophe Leroy1-0/+1
Add WRITE_OPD to check that you can't modify function descriptors. Gives the following result when function descriptors are not protected: lkdtm: Performing direct entry WRITE_OPD lkdtm: attempting bad 16 bytes write at c00000000269b358 lkdtm: FAIL: survived bad write lkdtm: do_nothing was hijacked! Looks like a standard compiler barrier() is not enough to force GCC to use the modified function descriptor. Had to add a fake empty inline assembly to force GCC to reload the function descriptor. Signed-off-by: Christophe Leroy <[email protected]> Acked-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/7eeba50d16a35e9d799820e43304150225f20197.1644928018.git.christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu
2022-01-14Merge tag 'char-misc-5.17-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-1/+5
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc Pull char/misc and other driver updates from Greg KH: "Here is the large set of char, misc, and other "small" driver subsystem changes for 5.17-rc1. Lots of different things are in here for char/misc drivers such as: - habanalabs driver updates - mei driver updates - lkdtm driver updates - vmw_vmci driver updates - android binder driver updates - other small char/misc driver updates Also smaller driver subsystems have also been updated, including: - fpga subsystem updates - iio subsystem updates - soundwire subsystem updates - extcon subsystem updates - gnss subsystem updates - phy subsystem updates - coresight subsystem updates - firmware subsystem updates - comedi subsystem updates - mhi subsystem updates - speakup subsystem updates - rapidio subsystem updates - spmi subsystem updates - virtual driver updates - counter subsystem updates Too many individual changes to summarize, the shortlog contains the full details. All of these have been in linux-next for a while with no reported issues" * tag 'char-misc-5.17-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: (406 commits) counter: 104-quad-8: Fix use-after-free by quad8_irq_handler dt-bindings: mux: Document mux-states property dt-bindings: ti-serdes-mux: Add defines for J721S2 SoC counter: remove old and now unused registration API counter: ti-eqep: Convert to new counter registration counter: stm32-lptimer-cnt: Convert to new counter registration counter: stm32-timer-cnt: Convert to new counter registration counter: microchip-tcb-capture: Convert to new counter registration counter: ftm-quaddec: Convert to new counter registration counter: intel-qep: Convert to new counter registration counter: interrupt-cnt: Convert to new counter registration counter: 104-quad-8: Convert to new counter registration counter: Update documentation for new counter registration functions counter: Provide alternative counter registration functions counter: stm32-timer-cnt: Convert to counter_priv() wrapper counter: stm32-lptimer-cnt: Convert to counter_priv() wrapper counter: ti-eqep: Convert to counter_priv() wrapper counter: ftm-quaddec: Convert to counter_priv() wrapper counter: intel-qep: Convert to counter_priv() wrapper counter: microchip-tcb-capture: Convert to counter_priv() wrapper ...
2021-12-16lkdtm: Note that lkdtm_kernel_info should be removed in the futureKees Cook1-1/+5
As per Linus's request, remove lkdtm_kernel_info once sufficient reporting exists in CI systems: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wiFvfkoFixTapvvyPMN9pq5G-+Dys2eSyBa1vzDGAO5+A@mail.gmail.com Cc: Arnd Bergmann <[email protected]> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
2021-12-09powerpc/64s: Move hash MMU support code under CONFIG_PPC_64S_HASH_MMUNicholas Piggin1-1/+1
Compiling out hash support code when CONFIG_PPC_64S_HASH_MMU=n saves 128kB kernel image size (90kB text) on powernv_defconfig minus KVM, 350kB on pseries_defconfig minus KVM, 40kB on a tiny config. Signed-off-by: Nicholas Piggin <[email protected]> [mpe: Fixup defined(ARCH_HAS_MEMREMAP_COMPAT_ALIGN), which needs CONFIG. Fix radix_enabled() use in setup_initial_memory_limit(). Add some stubs to reduce number of ifdefs.] Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
2021-10-25lkdtm/bugs: Check that a per-task stack canary existsKees Cook1-0/+1
Introduce REPORT_STACK_CANARY to check for differing stack canaries between two processes (i.e. that an architecture is correctly implementing per-task stack canaries), using the task_struct canary as the hint to locate in the stack. Requires that one of the processes being tested not be pid 1. Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <[email protected]> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2021-09-10lkdtm: Use init_uts_ns.name instead of macrosKees Cook1-0/+10
Using generated/compile.h triggered a full LKDTM rebuild with every build. Avoid this by using the exported strings instead. Fixes: b8661450bc7f ("lkdtm: Add kernel version to failure hints") Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2021-08-19lkdtm: remove IDE_CORE_CP crashpointKevin Mitchell1-1/+0
With the removal of the legacy IDE driver in kb7fb14d3ac63 ("ide: remove the legacy ide driver"), this crashpoint no longer points to a valid function. Acked-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Kevin Mitchell <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2021-08-19lkdtm: replace SCSI_DISPATCH_CMD with SCSI_QUEUE_RQKevin Mitchell1-1/+1
When scsi_dispatch_cmd was moved to scsi_lib.c and made static, some compilers (i.e., at least gcc 8.4.0) decided to compile this inline. This is a problem for lkdtm.ko, which inserted a kprobe on this function for the SCSI_DISPATCH_CMD crashpoint. Move this crashpoint one function up the call chain to scsi_queue_rq. Though this is also a static function, it should never be inlined because it is assigned as a structure entry. Therefore, kprobe_register should always be able to find it. Fixes: 82042a2cdb55 ("scsi: move scsi_dispatch_cmd to scsi_lib.c") Acked-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Kevin Mitchell <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2021-08-18lkdtm/fortify: Consolidate FORTIFY_SOURCE testsKees Cook1-2/+2
The FORTIFY_SOURCE tests were split between bugs.c and fortify.c. Move tests into fortify.c, standardize their naming, add CONFIG hints, and add them to the lkdtm selftests. Cc: Arnd Bergmann <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2021-07-21lkdtm: remove duplicated include of init.hWan Jiabing1-1/+0
Fix following checkincludes.pl warning: ./drivers/misc/lkdtm/core.c 26 #include <linux/init.h> 29 #include <linux/init.h> Acked-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Wan Jiabing <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2021-06-24lkdtm/heap: Add init_on_alloc testsKees Cook1-0/+2
Add SLAB and page allocator tests for init_on_alloc. Testing for init_on_free was already happening via the poisoning tests. Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2021-06-24lkdtm: Add CONFIG hints in errors where possibleKees Cook1-0/+51
For various failure conditions, try to include some details about where to look for reasons about the failure. Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2021-06-24lkdtm: Enable DOUBLE_FAULT on all architecturesKees Cook1-2/+0
Where feasible, I prefer to have all tests visible on all architectures, but to have them wired to XFAIL. DOUBLE_FAIL was set up to XFAIL, but wasn't actually being added to the test list. Fixes: cea23efb4de2 ("lkdtm/bugs: Make double-fault test always available") Cc: [email protected] Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2021-06-24lkdtm/heap: Add vmalloc linear overflow testKees Cook1-1/+2
Similar to the existing slab overflow and stack exhaustion tests, add VMALLOC_LINEAR_OVERFLOW (and rename the slab test SLAB_LINEAR_OVERFLOW). Additionally unmarks the test as destructive. (It should be safe in the face of misbehavior.) Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2021-04-08lkdtm: Add REPORT_STACK for checking stack offsetsKees Cook1-0/+1
For validating the stack offset behavior, report the offset from a given process's first seen stack address. Add s script to calculate the results to the LKDTM kselftests. Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
2020-12-17Merge tag 'powerpc-5.11-1' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-0/+3
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman: - Switch to the generic C VDSO, as well as some cleanups of our VDSO setup/handling code. - Support for KUAP (Kernel User Access Prevention) on systems using the hashed page table MMU, using memory protection keys. - Better handling of PowerVM SMT8 systems where all threads of a core do not share an L2, allowing the scheduler to make better scheduling decisions. - Further improvements to our machine check handling. - Show registers when unwinding interrupt frames during stack traces. - Improvements to our pseries (PowerVM) partition migration code. - Several series from Christophe refactoring and cleaning up various parts of the 32-bit code. - Other smaller features, fixes & cleanups. Thanks to: Alan Modra, Alexey Kardashevskiy, Andrew Donnellan, Aneesh Kumar K.V, Ard Biesheuvel, Athira Rajeev, Balamuruhan S, Bill Wendling, Cédric Le Goater, Christophe Leroy, Christophe Lombard, Colin Ian King, Daniel Axtens, David Hildenbrand, Frederic Barrat, Ganesh Goudar, Gautham R. Shenoy, Geert Uytterhoeven, Giuseppe Sacco, Greg Kurz, Harish, Jan Kratochvil, Jordan Niethe, Kaixu Xia, Laurent Dufour, Leonardo Bras, Madhavan Srinivasan, Mahesh Salgaonkar, Mathieu Desnoyers, Nathan Lynch, Nicholas Piggin, Oleg Nesterov, Oliver O'Halloran, Oscar Salvador, Po-Hsu Lin, Qian Cai, Qinglang Miao, Randy Dunlap, Ravi Bangoria, Sachin Sant, Sandipan Das, Sebastian Andrzej Siewior , Segher Boessenkool, Srikar Dronamraju, Tyrel Datwyler, Uwe Kleine-König, Vincent Stehlé, Youling Tang, and Zhang Xiaoxu. * tag 'powerpc-5.11-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: (304 commits) powerpc/32s: Fix cleanup_cpu_mmu_context() compile bug powerpc: Add config fragment for disabling -Werror powerpc/configs: Add ppc64le_allnoconfig target powerpc/powernv: Rate limit opal-elog read failure message powerpc/pseries/memhotplug: Quieten some DLPAR operations powerpc/ps3: use dma_mapping_error() powerpc: force inlining of csum_partial() to avoid multiple csum_partial() with GCC10 powerpc/perf: Fix Threshold Event Counter Multiplier width for P10 powerpc/mm: Fix hugetlb_free_pmd_range() and hugetlb_free_pud_range() KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix mask size for emulated msgsndp KVM: PPC: fix comparison to bool warning KVM: PPC: Book3S: Assign boolean values to a bool variable powerpc: Inline setup_kup() powerpc/64s: Mark the kuap/kuep functions non __init KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: XIVE: Add a comment regarding VP numbering powerpc/xive: Improve error reporting of OPAL calls powerpc/xive: Simplify xive_do_source_eoi() powerpc/xive: Remove P9 DD1 flag XIVE_IRQ_FLAG_EOI_FW powerpc/xive: Remove P9 DD1 flag XIVE_IRQ_FLAG_MASK_FW powerpc/xive: Remove P9 DD1 flag XIVE_IRQ_FLAG_SHIFT_BUG ...
2020-12-15drivers/misc/lkdtm: add new file in LKDTM to test fortified strscpyFrancis Laniel1-0/+1
This new test ensures that fortified strscpy has the same behavior than vanilla strscpy (e.g. returning -E2BIG when src content is truncated). Finally, it generates a crash at runtime because there is a write overflow in destination string. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Francis Laniel <[email protected]> Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Cc: Daniel Axtens <[email protected]> Cc: Daniel Micay <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
2020-12-15lkdtm: tests for FORTIFY_SOURCEDaniel Axtens1-0/+2
Add code to test both: - runtime detection of the overrun of a structure. This covers the __builtin_object_size(x, 0) case. This test is called FORTIFY_OBJECT. - runtime detection of the overrun of a char array within a structure. This covers the __builtin_object_size(x, 1) case which can be used for some string functions. This test is called FORTIFY_SUBOBJECT. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Daniel Axtens <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Francis Laniel <[email protected]> Suggested-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Cc: Daniel Micay <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
2020-12-04lkdtm/powerpc: Add SLB multihit testGanesh Goudar1-0/+3
To check machine check handling, add support to inject slb multihit errors. Co-developed-by: Mahesh Salgaonkar <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Mahesh Salgaonkar <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Ganesh Goudar <[email protected]> [mpe: Use CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S_64 to fix compile errors reported by [email protected]] Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <[email protected]> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
2020-09-08lkdtm: remove set_fs-based testsChristoph Hellwig1-2/+0
Once we can't manipulate the address limit, we also can't test what happens when the manipulation is abused. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <[email protected]>
2020-04-07drivers/misc/lkdtm/bugs.c: add arithmetic overflow and array bounds checksKees Cook1-0/+3
Adds LKDTM tests for arithmetic overflow (both signed and unsigned), as well as array bounds checking. Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]> Acked-by: Dmitry Vyukov <[email protected]> Cc: Alexander Potapenko <[email protected]> Cc: Andrey Konovalov <[email protected]> Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <[email protected]> Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <[email protected]> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <[email protected]> Cc: Dan Carpenter <[email protected]> Cc: Elena Petrova <[email protected]> Cc: "Gustavo A. R. Silva" <[email protected]> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
2020-03-18lkdtm: arm64: test kernel pointer authenticationAmit Daniel Kachhap1-0/+1
This test is specific for arm64. When in-kernel Pointer Authentication config is enabled, the return address stored in the stack is signed. This feature helps in ROP kind of attack. If any parameters used to generate the pac (<key, sp, lr>) is modified then this will fail in the authentication stage and will lead to abort. This test changes the input parameter APIA kernel keys to cause abort. The pac computed from the new key can be same as last due to hash collision so this is retried for few times as there is no reliable way to compare the pacs. Even though this test may fail even after retries but this may cause authentication failure at a later stage in earlier function returns. This test can be invoked as, echo CORRUPT_PAC > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT or as below if inserted as a module, insmod lkdtm.ko cpoint_name=DIRECT cpoint_type=CORRUPT_PAC cpoint_count=1 [ 13.118166] lkdtm: Performing direct entry CORRUPT_PAC [ 13.118298] lkdtm: Clearing PAC from the return address [ 13.118466] Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address bfff8000108648ec [ 13.118626] Mem abort info: [ 13.118666] ESR = 0x86000004 [ 13.118866] EC = 0x21: IABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits [ 13.118966] SET = 0, FnV = 0 [ 13.119117] EA = 0, S1PTW = 0 Signed-off-by: Amit Daniel Kachhap <[email protected]> Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <[email protected]> Cc: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <[email protected]>
2019-11-26lkdtm: Add a DOUBLE_FAULT crash type on x86Andy Lutomirski1-0/+3
The DOUBLE_FAULT crash does INT $8, which is a decent approximation of a double fault. This is useful for testing the double fault handling. Use it like: Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]> Cc: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <[email protected]> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]> Cc: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]> Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
2019-08-19lkdtm: Split WARNING into separate testsKees Cook1-0/+1
There are three paths through the kernel code exception logging: - BUG (no configurable printk message) - WARN_ON (no configurable printk message) - WARN (configurable printk message) LKDTM was not testing WARN_ON(). This is needed to evaluate the placement of the "cut here" line, which needs special handling in each of the three exceptions (and between architectures that implement instruction exceptions to implement the code exceptions). Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
2019-08-12lkdtm: Add Control Flow Integrity testKees Cook1-0/+1
This adds a simple test for forward CFI (indirect function calls) with function prototype granularity (as implemented by Clang's CFI). Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
2019-07-12Merge tag 'driver-core-5.3-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-12/+3
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core Pull driver core and debugfs updates from Greg KH: "Here is the "big" driver core and debugfs changes for 5.3-rc1 It's a lot of different patches, all across the tree due to some api changes and lots of debugfs cleanups. Other than the debugfs cleanups, in this set of changes we have: - bus iteration function cleanups - scripts/get_abi.pl tool to display and parse Documentation/ABI entries in a simple way - cleanups to Documenatation/ABI/ entries to make them parse easier due to typos and other minor things - default_attrs use for some ktype users - driver model documentation file conversions to .rst - compressed firmware file loading - deferred probe fixes All of these have been in linux-next for a while, with a bunch of merge issues that Stephen has been patient with me for" * tag 'driver-core-5.3-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core: (102 commits) debugfs: make error message a bit more verbose orangefs: fix build warning from debugfs cleanup patch ubifs: fix build warning after debugfs cleanup patch driver: core: Allow subsystems to continue deferring probe drivers: base: cacheinfo: Ensure cpu hotplug work is done before Intel RDT arch_topology: Remove error messages on out-of-memory conditions lib: notifier-error-inject: no need to check return value of debugfs_create functions swiotlb: no need to check return value of debugfs_create functions ceph: no need to check return value of debugfs_create functions sunrpc: no need to check return value of debugfs_create functions ubifs: no need to check return value of debugfs_create functions orangefs: no need to check return value of debugfs_create functions nfsd: no need to check return value of debugfs_create functions lib: 842: no need to check return value of debugfs_create functions debugfs: provide pr_fmt() macro debugfs: log errors when something goes wrong drivers: s390/cio: Fix compilation warning about const qualifiers drivers: Add generic helper to match by of_node driver_find_device: Unify the match function with class_find_device() bus_find_device: Unify the match callback with class_find_device ...
2019-07-12Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)Linus Torvalds1-0/+5
Merge updates from Andrew Morton: "Am experimenting with splitting MM up into identifiable subsystems perhaps with a view to gitifying it in complex ways. Also with more verbose "incoming" emails. Most of MM is here and a few other trees. Subsystems affected by this patch series: - hotfixes - iommu - scripts - arch/sh - ocfs2 - mm:slab-generic - mm:slub - mm:kmemleak - mm:kasan - mm:cleanups - mm:debug - mm:pagecache - mm:swap - mm:memcg - mm:gup - mm:pagemap - mm:infrastructure - mm:vmalloc - mm:initialization - mm:pagealloc - mm:vmscan - mm:tools - mm:proc - mm:ras - mm:oom-kill hotfixes: mm: vmscan: scan anonymous pages on file refaults mm/nvdimm: add is_ioremap_addr and use that to check ioremap address mm/memcontrol: fix wrong statistics in memory.stat mm/z3fold.c: lock z3fold page before __SetPageMovable() nilfs2: do not use unexported cpu_to_le32()/le32_to_cpu() in uapi header MAINTAINERS: nilfs2: update email address iommu: include/linux/dmar.h: replace single-char identifiers in macros scripts: scripts/decode_stacktrace: match basepath using shell prefix operator, not regex scripts/decode_stacktrace: look for modules with .ko.debug extension scripts/spelling.txt: drop "sepc" from the misspelling list scripts/spelling.txt: add spelling fix for prohibited scripts/decode_stacktrace: Accept dash/underscore in modules scripts/spelling.txt: add more spellings to spelling.txt arch/sh: arch/sh/configs/sdk7786_defconfig: remove CONFIG_LOGFS sh: config: remove left-over BACKLIGHT_LCD_SUPPORT sh: prevent warnings when using iounmap ocfs2: fs: ocfs: fix spelling mistake "hearbeating" -> "heartbeat" ocfs2/dlm: use struct_size() helper ocfs2: add last unlock times in locking_state ocfs2: add locking filter debugfs file ocfs2: add first lock wait time in locking_state ocfs: no need to check return value of debugfs_create functions fs/ocfs2/dlmglue.c: unneeded variable: "status" ocfs2: use kmemdup rather than duplicating its implementation mm:slab-generic: Patch series "mm/slab: Improved sanity checking": mm/slab: validate cache membership under freelist hardening mm/slab: sanity-check page type when looking up cache lkdtm/heap: add tests for freelist hardening mm:slub: mm/slub.c: avoid double string traverse in kmem_cache_flags() slub: don't panic for memcg kmem cache creation failure mm:kmemleak: mm/kmemleak.c: fix check for softirq context mm/kmemleak.c: change error at _write when kmemleak is disabled docs: kmemleak: add more documentation details mm:kasan: mm/kasan: print frame description for stack bugs Patch series "Bitops instrumentation for KASAN", v5: lib/test_kasan: add bitops tests x86: use static_cpu_has in uaccess region to avoid instrumentation asm-generic, x86: add bitops instrumentation for KASAN Patch series "mm/kasan: Add object validation in ksize()", v3: mm/kasan: introduce __kasan_check_{read,write} mm/kasan: change kasan_check_{read,write} to return boolean lib/test_kasan: Add test for double-kzfree detection mm/slab: refactor common ksize KASAN logic into slab_common.c mm/kasan: add object validation in ksize() mm:cleanups: include/linux/pfn_t.h: remove pfn_t_to_virt() Patch series "remove ARCH_SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL where it has no effect": arm: remove ARCH_SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL s390: remove ARCH_SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL sparc: remove ARCH_SELECT_MEMORY_MODEL mm/gup.c: make follow_page_mask() static mm/memory.c: trivial clean up in insert_page() mm: make !CONFIG_HUGE_PAGE wrappers into static inlines include/linux/mm_types.h: ifdef struct vm_area_struct::swap_readahead_info mm: remove the account_page_dirtied export mm/page_isolation.c: change the prototype of undo_isolate_page_range() include/linux/vmpressure.h: use spinlock_t instead of struct spinlock mm: remove the exporting of totalram_pages include/linux/pagemap.h: document trylock_page() return value mm:debug: mm/failslab.c: by default, do not fail allocations with direct reclaim only Patch series "debug_pagealloc improvements": mm, debug_pagelloc: use static keys to enable debugging mm, page_alloc: more extensive free page checking with debug_pagealloc mm, debug_pagealloc: use a page type instead of page_ext flag mm:pagecache: Patch series "fix filler_t callback type mismatches", v2: mm/filemap.c: fix an overly long line in read_cache_page mm/filemap: don't cast ->readpage to filler_t for do_read_cache_page jffs2: pass the correct prototype to read_cache_page 9p: pass the correct prototype to read_cache_page mm/filemap.c: correct the comment about VM_FAULT_RETRY mm:swap: mm, swap: fix race between swapoff and some swap operations mm/swap_state.c: simplify total_swapcache_pages() with get_swap_device() mm, swap: use rbtree for swap_extent mm/mincore.c: fix race between swapoff and mincore mm:memcg: memcg, oom: no oom-kill for __GFP_RETRY_MAYFAIL memcg, fsnotify: no oom-kill for remote memcg charging mm, memcg: introduce memory.events.local mm: memcontrol: dump memory.stat during cgroup OOM Patch series "mm: reparent slab memory on cgroup removal", v7: mm: memcg/slab: postpone kmem_cache memcg pointer initialization to memcg_link_cache() mm: memcg/slab: rename slab delayed deactivation functions and fields mm: memcg/slab: generalize postponed non-root kmem_cache deactivation mm: memcg/slab: introduce __memcg_kmem_uncharge_memcg() mm: memcg/slab: unify SLAB and SLUB page accounting mm: memcg/slab: don't check the dying flag on kmem_cache creation mm: memcg/slab: synchronize access to kmem_cache dying flag using a spinlock mm: memcg/slab: rework non-root kmem_cache lifecycle management mm: memcg/slab: stop setting page->mem_cgroup pointer for slab pages mm: memcg/slab: reparent memcg kmem_caches on cgroup removal mm, memcg: add a memcg_slabinfo debugfs file mm:gup: Patch series "switch the remaining architectures to use generic GUP", v4: mm: use untagged_addr() for get_user_pages_fast addresses mm: simplify gup_fast_permitted mm: lift the x86_32 PAE version of gup_get_pte to common code MIPS: use the generic get_user_pages_fast code sh: add the missing pud_page definition sh: use the generic get_user_pages_fast code sparc64: add the missing pgd_page definition sparc64: define untagged_addr() sparc64: use the generic get_user_pages_fast code mm: rename CONFIG_HAVE_GENERIC_GUP to CONFIG_HAVE_FAST_GUP mm: reorder code blocks in gup.c mm: consolidate the get_user_pages* implementations mm: validate get_user_pages_fast flags mm: move the powerpc hugepd code to mm/gup.c mm: switch gup_hugepte to use try_get_compound_head mm: mark the page referenced in gup_hugepte mm/gup: speed up check_and_migrate_cma_pages() on huge page mm/gup.c: remove some BUG_ONs from get_gate_page() mm/gup.c: mark undo_dev_pagemap as __maybe_unused mm:pagemap: asm-generic, x86: introduce generic pte_{alloc,free}_one[_kernel] alpha: switch to generic version of pte allocation arm: switch to generic version of pte allocation arm64: switch to generic version of pte allocation csky: switch to generic version of pte allocation m68k: sun3: switch to generic version of pte allocation mips: switch to generic version of pte allocation nds32: switch to generic version of pte allocation nios2: switch to generic version of pte allocation parisc: switch to generic version of pte allocation riscv: switch to generic version of pte allocation um: switch to generic version of pte allocation unicore32: switch to generic version of pte allocation mm/pgtable: drop pgtable_t variable from pte_fn_t functions mm/memory.c: fail when offset == num in first check of __vm_map_pages() mm:infrastructure: mm/mmu_notifier: use hlist_add_head_rcu() mm:vmalloc: Patch series "Some cleanups for the KVA/vmalloc", v5: mm/vmalloc.c: remove "node" argument mm/vmalloc.c: preload a CPU with one object for split purpose mm/vmalloc.c: get rid of one single unlink_va() when merge mm/vmalloc.c: switch to WARN_ON() and move it under unlink_va() mm/vmalloc.c: spelling> s/informaion/information/ mm:initialization: mm/large system hash: use vmalloc for size > MAX_ORDER when !hashdist mm/large system hash: clear hashdist when only one node with memory is booted mm:pagealloc: arm64: move jump_label_init() before parse_early_param() Patch series "add init_on_alloc/init_on_free boot options", v10: mm: security: introduce init_on_alloc=1 and init_on_free=1 boot options mm: init: report memory auto-initialization features at boot time mm:vmscan: mm: vmscan: remove double slab pressure by inc'ing sc->nr_scanned mm: vmscan: correct some vmscan counters for THP swapout mm:tools: tools/vm/slabinfo: order command line options tools/vm/slabinfo: add partial slab listing to -X tools/vm/slabinfo: add option to sort by partial slabs tools/vm/slabinfo: add sorting info to help menu mm:proc: proc: use down_read_killable mmap_sem for /proc/pid/maps proc: use down_read_killable mmap_sem for /proc/pid/smaps_rollup proc: use down_read_killable mmap_sem for /proc/pid/pagemap proc: use down_read_killable mmap_sem for /proc/pid/clear_refs proc: use down_read_killable mmap_sem for /proc/pid/map_files mm: use down_read_killable for locking mmap_sem in access_remote_vm mm: smaps: split PSS into components mm: vmalloc: show number of vmalloc pages in /proc/meminfo mm:ras: mm/memory-failure.c: clarify error message mm:oom-kill: mm: memcontrol: use CSS_TASK_ITER_PROCS at mem_cgroup_scan_tasks() mm, oom: refactor dump_tasks for memcg OOMs mm, oom: remove redundant task_in_mem_cgroup() check oom: decouple mems_allowed from oom_unkillable_task mm/oom_kill.c: remove redundant OOM score normalization in select_bad_process()" * akpm: (147 commits) mm/oom_kill.c: remove redundant OOM score normalization in select_bad_process() oom: decouple mems_allowed from oom_unkillable_task mm, oom: remove redundant task_in_mem_cgroup() check mm, oom: refactor dump_tasks for memcg OOMs mm: memcontrol: use CSS_TASK_ITER_PROCS at mem_cgroup_scan_tasks() mm/memory-failure.c: clarify error message mm: vmalloc: show number of vmalloc pages in /proc/meminfo mm: smaps: split PSS into components mm: use down_read_killable for locking mmap_sem in access_remote_vm proc: use down_read_killable mmap_sem for /proc/pid/map_files proc: use down_read_killable mmap_sem for /proc/pid/clear_refs proc: use down_read_killable mmap_sem for /proc/pid/pagemap proc: use down_read_killable mmap_sem for /proc/pid/smaps_rollup proc: use down_read_killable mmap_sem for /proc/pid/maps tools/vm/slabinfo: add sorting info to help menu tools/vm/slabinfo: add option to sort by partial slabs tools/vm/slabinfo: add partial slab listing to -X tools/vm/slabinfo: order command line options mm: vmscan: correct some vmscan counters for THP swapout mm: vmscan: remove double slab pressure by inc'ing sc->nr_scanned ...
2019-07-12lkdtm/heap: add tests for freelist hardeningKees Cook1-0/+5
This adds tests for double free and cross-cache freeing, which should both be caught by CONFIG_SLAB_FREELIST_HARDENED. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Cc: Alexander Popov <[email protected]> Cc: Alexander Potapenko <[email protected]> Cc: Christoph Lameter <[email protected]> Cc: David Rientjes <[email protected]> Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <[email protected]> Cc: Pekka Enberg <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
2019-07-11Merge tag 'char-misc-5.3-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-0/+1
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc Pull char / misc driver updates from Greg KH: "Here is the "large" pull request for char and misc and other assorted smaller driver subsystems for 5.3-rc1. It seems that this tree is becoming the funnel point of lots of smaller driver subsystems, which is fine for me, but that's why it is getting larger over time and does not just contain stuff under drivers/char/ and drivers/misc. Lots of small updates all over the place here from different driver subsystems: - habana driver updates - coresight driver updates - documentation file movements and updates - Android binder fixes and updates - extcon driver updates - google firmware driver updates - fsi driver updates - smaller misc and char driver updates - soundwire driver updates - nvmem driver updates - w1 driver fixes All of these have been in linux-next for a while with no reported issues" * tag 'char-misc-5.3-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: (188 commits) coresight: Do not default to CPU0 for missing CPU phandle dt-bindings: coresight: Change CPU phandle to required property ocxl: Allow contexts to be attached with a NULL mm fsi: sbefifo: Don't fail operations when in SBE IPL state coresight: tmc: Smatch: Fix potential NULL pointer dereference coresight: etm3x: Smatch: Fix potential NULL pointer dereference coresight: Potential uninitialized variable in probe() coresight: etb10: Do not call smp_processor_id from preemptible coresight: tmc-etf: Do not call smp_processor_id from preemptible coresight: tmc-etr: alloc_perf_buf: Do not call smp_processor_id from preemptible coresight: tmc-etr: Do not call smp_processor_id() from preemptible docs: misc-devices: convert files without extension to ReST fpga: dfl: fme: align PR buffer size per PR datawidth fpga: dfl: fme: remove copy_to_user() in ioctl for PR fpga: dfl-fme-mgr: fix FME_PR_INTFC_ID register address. intel_th: msu: Start read iterator from a non-empty window intel_th: msu: Split sgt array and pointer in multiwindow mode intel_th: msu: Support multipage blocks intel_th: pci: Add Ice Lake NNPI support intel_th: msu: Fix single mode with disabled IOMMU ...
2019-06-23lkdtm: Check for SMEP clearing protectionsKees Cook1-0/+1
This adds an x86-specific test for pinned cr4 bits. A successful test will validate pinning and check the ROP-style call-middle-of-function defense, if needed. For example, in the case of native_write_cr4() looking like this: ffffffff8171bce0 <native_write_cr4>: ffffffff8171bce0: 48 8b 35 79 46 f2 00 mov 0xf24679(%rip),%rsi ffffffff8171bce7: 48 09 f7 or %rsi,%rdi ffffffff8171bcea: 0f 22 e7 mov %rdi,%cr4 ... ffffffff8171bd5a: c3 retq The UNSET_SMEP test will jump to ffffffff8171bcea (the mov to cr4) instead of ffffffff8171bce0 (native_write_cr4() entry) to simulate a direct-call bypass attempt. Expected successful results: # echo UNSET_SMEP > /sys/kernel/debug/provoke-crash/DIRECT # dmesg [ 79.594433] lkdtm: Performing direct entry UNSET_SMEP [ 79.596459] lkdtm: trying to clear SMEP normally [ 79.598406] lkdtm: ok: SMEP did not get cleared [ 79.599981] lkdtm: trying to clear SMEP with call gadget [ 79.601810] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 79.603421] Attempt to unpin cr4 bits: 100000; bypass attack?! ... [ 79.650170] ---[ end trace 2452ca0f6126242e ]--- [ 79.650937] lkdtm: ok: SMEP removal was reverted Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2019-06-23lkdtm: remove redundant initialization of retColin Ian King1-1/+1
The variable ret is being initialized with the value -EINVAL however this value is never read and ret is being re-assigned later on. Hence the initialization is redundant and can be removed. Addresses-Coverity: ("Unused value") Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <[email protected]> Acked-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2019-06-14docs: fault-injection: convert docs to ReST and rename to *.rstMauro Carvalho Chehab1-1/+1
The conversion is actually: - add blank lines and identation in order to identify paragraphs; - fix tables markups; - add some lists markups; - mark literal blocks; - adjust title markups. At its new index.rst, let's add a :orphan: while this is not linked to the main index.rst file, in order to avoid build warnings. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <[email protected]> Acked-by: Federico Vaga <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <[email protected]>
2019-06-12lkdtm: no need to check return value of debugfs_create functionsGreg Kroah-Hartman1-11/+2
When calling debugfs functions, there is no need to ever check the return value. The function can work or not, but the code logic should never do something different based on this. Cc: Arnd Bergmann <[email protected]> Cc: [email protected] Acked-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2019-06-08Merge tag 'char-misc-5.2-rc4' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-3/+3
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc Pull char/misc driver fixes from Greg KH: "Here are some small char and misc driver fixes for 5.2-rc4 to resolve a number of reported issues. The most "notable" one here is the kernel headers in proc^Wsysfs fixes. Those changes move the header file info into sysfs and fixes the build issues that you reported. Other than that, a bunch of small habanalabs driver fixes, some fpga driver fixes, and a few other tiny driver fixes. All of these have been in linux-next for a while with no reported issues" * tag 'char-misc-5.2-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/char-misc: habanalabs: Read upper bits of trace buffer from RWPHI habanalabs: Fix virtual address access via debugfs for 2MB pages fpga: zynqmp-fpga: Correctly handle error pointer habanalabs: fix bug in checking huge page optimization habanalabs: Avoid using a non-initialized MMU cache mutex habanalabs: fix debugfs code uapi/habanalabs: add opcode for enable/disable device debug mode habanalabs: halt debug engines on user process close test_firmware: Use correct snprintf() limit genwqe: Prevent an integer overflow in the ioctl parport: Fix mem leak in parport_register_dev_model fpga: dfl: expand minor range when registering chrdev region fpga: dfl: Add lockdep classes for pdata->lock fpga: dfl: afu: Pass the correct device to dma_mapping_error() fpga: stratix10-soc: fix use-after-free on s10_init() w1: ds2408: Fix typo after 49695ac46861 (reset on output_write retry with readback) kheaders: Do not regenerate archive if config is not changed kheaders: Move from proc to sysfs lkdtm/bugs: Adjust recursion test to avoid elision lkdtm/usercopy: Moves the KERNEL_DS test to non-canonical
2019-05-30treewide: Replace GPLv2 boilerplate/reference with SPDX - rule 156Thomas Gleixner1-14/+1
Based on 1 normalized pattern(s): this program is free software you can redistribute it and or modify it under the terms of the gnu general public license as published by the free software foundation either version 2 of the license or at your option any later version this program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful but without any warranty without even the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose see the gnu general public license for more details you should have received a copy of the gnu general public license along with this program if not write to the free software foundation inc 59 temple place suite 330 boston ma 02111 1307 usa extracted by the scancode license scanner the SPDX license identifier GPL-2.0-or-later has been chosen to replace the boilerplate/reference in 1334 file(s). Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]> Reviewed-by: Allison Randal <[email protected]> Reviewed-by: Richard Fontana <[email protected]> Cc: [email protected] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected] Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2019-04-07lkdtm/bugs: Adjust recursion test to avoid elisionKees Cook1-3/+3
While I was able to trick gcc into keeping a pathological recursion, Clang was not so easily fooled. Instead, switch to using "volatile" and side-effects to keep the stack variable allocated and to run the function. Additionally renames "OVERFLOW" to "EXHAUST_STACK" to better describe the test. Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
2019-01-18lkdtm: change snprintf to scnprintf for possible overflowSilvio Cesare1-2/+2
Change snprintf to scnprintf. There are generally two cases where using snprintf causes problems. 1) Uses of size += snprintf(buf, SIZE - size, fmt, ...) In this case, if snprintf would have written more characters than what the buffer size (SIZE) is, then size will end up larger than SIZE. In later uses of snprintf, SIZE - size will result in a negative number, leading to problems. Note that size might already be too large by using size = snprintf before the code reaches a case of size += snprintf. 2) If size is ultimately used as a length parameter for a copy back to user space, then it will potentially allow for a buffer overflow and information disclosure when size is greater than SIZE. When the size is used to index the buffer directly, we can have memory corruption. This also means when size = snprintf... is used, it may also cause problems since size may become large. Copying to userspace is mitigated by the HARDENED_USERCOPY kernel configuration. The solution to these issues is to use scnprintf which returns the number of characters actually written to the buffer, so the size variable will never exceed SIZE. Signed-off-by: Silvio Cesare <[email protected]> Cc: Dan Carpenter <[email protected]> Cc: Will Deacon <[email protected]> Cc: Greg KH <[email protected]> Acked-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Willy Tarreau <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
2019-01-09lkdtm: Add tests for NULL pointer dereferenceChristophe Leroy1-0/+2
Introduce lkdtm tests for NULL pointer dereference: check access or exec at NULL address, since these errors tend to be reported differently from the general fault error text. For example from x86: pr_alert("BUG: unable to handle kernel %s at %px\n", address < PAGE_SIZE ? "NULL pointer dereference" : "paging request", (void *)address); Signed-off-by: Christophe Leroy <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
2019-01-09lkdtm: Do not depend on BLOCK and clean up headersKees Cook1-9/+0
After the transition to kprobes, symbols are resolved at runtime. This means there is no need to have all the Kconfig and header logic to avoid build failures. This also paves the way to having arbitrary test locations. Reported-by: Christophe Leroy <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
2018-11-01Merge tag 'stackleak-v4.20-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-0/+1
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux Pull stackleak gcc plugin from Kees Cook: "Please pull this new GCC plugin, stackleak, for v4.20-rc1. This plugin was ported from grsecurity by Alexander Popov. It provides efficient stack content poisoning at syscall exit. This creates a defense against at least two classes of flaws: - Uninitialized stack usage. (We continue to work on improving the compiler to do this in other ways: e.g. unconditional zero init was proposed to GCC and Clang, and more plugin work has started too). - Stack content exposure. By greatly reducing the lifetime of valid stack contents, exposures via either direct read bugs or unknown cache side-channels become much more difficult to exploit. This complements the existing buddy and heap poisoning options, but provides the coverage for stacks. The x86 hooks are included in this series (which have been reviewed by Ingo, Dave Hansen, and Thomas Gleixner). The arm64 hooks have already been merged through the arm64 tree (written by Laura Abbott and reviewed by Mark Rutland and Will Deacon). With VLAs having been removed this release, there is no need for alloca() protection, so it has been removed from the plugin" * tag 'stackleak-v4.20-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux: arm64: Drop unneeded stackleak_check_alloca() stackleak: Allow runtime disabling of kernel stack erasing doc: self-protection: Add information about STACKLEAK feature fs/proc: Show STACKLEAK metrics in the /proc file system lkdtm: Add a test for STACKLEAK gcc-plugins: Add STACKLEAK plugin for tracking the kernel stack x86/entry: Add STACKLEAK erasing the kernel stack at the end of syscalls
2018-09-04lkdtm: Add a test for STACKLEAKAlexander Popov1-0/+1
Introduce an lkdtm test for the STACKLEAK feature: check that the current task stack is properly erased (filled with STACKLEAK_POISON). Signed-off-by: Alexander Popov <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Tycho Andersen <[email protected]> Tested-by: Laura Abbott <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
2018-09-03lkdtm: Test copy_to_user() on bad kernel pointer under KERNEL_DSJann Horn1-0/+1
Test whether the kernel WARN()s when, under KERNEL_DS, a bad kernel pointer is used as "userspace" pointer. Should normally be used in "DIRECT" mode. Signed-off-by: Jann Horn <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]> Tested-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Acked-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]> Cc: [email protected] Cc: [email protected] Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <[email protected]> Cc: "Naveen N. Rao" <[email protected]> Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <[email protected]> Cc: "David S. Miller" <[email protected]> Cc: Alexander Viro <[email protected]> Cc: [email protected] Cc: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
2018-03-06lkdtm: Relocate code to subdirectoryKees Cook1-0/+505
The LKDTM modules keep expanding, and it's getting weird to have each file get a prefix. Instead, move to a subdirectory for cleaner handling. Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>