Documentation: update pagemap with shmem exceptions

This patch follows the discussions on previous documentation patch
threads [1][2].  It presents the exception case of shared memory
management from the pagemap's point of view.  It briefly describes what
is missing, why it is missing and alternatives to the pagemap for page
info retrieval in user space.

In short, the kernel does not keep track of PTEs for swapped out shared
pages within the processes that references them.  Thus, the
proc/pid/pagemap tool cannot print the swap destination of the shared
memory pages, instead setting the pagemap entry to zero for both
non-allocated and swapped out pages.  This can create confusion for
users who need information on swapped out pages.

The reasons why maintaining the PTEs of all swapped out shared pages
among all processes while maintaining similar performance is not a
trivial task, or a desirable change, have been discussed extensively
[1][3][4][5].  There are also arguments for why this arguably missing
information should eventually be exposed to the user in either a future
pagemap patch, or by an alternative tool.

[1]: https://marc.info/?m=162878395426774
[2]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/[email protected]/
[3]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/[email protected]/
[4]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/[email protected]/
[5]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/[email protected]/

Mention the current missing information in the pagemap and alternatives
on how to retrieve it, in case someone stumbles upon unexpected
behaviour.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Tiberiu A Georgescu <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Ivan Teterevkov <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Florian Schmidt <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Carl Waldspurger <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Jonathan Davies <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <[email protected]>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>

0 files changed, 0 insertions, 0 deletions