sched/uclamp: Extend sched_setattr() to support utilization clamping

The SCHED_DEADLINE scheduling class provides an advanced and formal
model to define tasks requirements that can translate into proper
decisions for both task placements and frequencies selections. Other
classes have a more simplified model based on the POSIX concept of
priorities.

Such a simple priority based model however does not allow to exploit
most advanced features of the Linux scheduler like, for example, driving
frequencies selection via the schedutil cpufreq governor. However, also
for non SCHED_DEADLINE tasks, it's still interesting to define tasks
properties to support scheduler decisions.

Utilization clamping exposes to user-space a new set of per-task
attributes the scheduler can use as hints about the expected/required
utilization for a task. This allows to implement a "proactive" per-task
frequency control policy, a more advanced policy than the current one
based just on "passive" measured task utilization. For example, it's
possible to boost interactive tasks (e.g. to get better performance) or
cap background tasks (e.g. to be more energy/thermal efficient).

Introduce a new API to set utilization clamping values for a specified
task by extending sched_setattr(), a syscall which already allows to
define task specific properties for different scheduling classes. A new
pair of attributes allows to specify a minimum and maximum utilization
the scheduler can consider for a task.

Do that by validating the required clamp values before and then applying
the required changes using _the_ same pattern already in use for
__setscheduler(). This ensures that the task is re-enqueued with the new
clamp values.

Signed-off-by: Patrick Bellasi <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <[email protected]>
Cc: Alessio Balsini <[email protected]>
Cc: Dietmar Eggemann <[email protected]>
Cc: Joel Fernandes <[email protected]>
Cc: Juri Lelli <[email protected]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Cc: Morten Rasmussen <[email protected]>
Cc: Paul Turner <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Quentin Perret <[email protected]>
Cc: Rafael J . Wysocki <[email protected]>
Cc: Steve Muckle <[email protected]>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <[email protected]>
Cc: Tejun Heo <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc: Todd Kjos <[email protected]>
Cc: Vincent Guittot <[email protected]>
Cc: Viresh Kumar <[email protected]>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>

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