mtd: break circular locks in register_mtd_blktrans

Syzbot reported a circular locking dependency:
https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?id=7bd106c28e846d1023d4ca915718b1a0905444cb

This happens because of the following lock dependencies:

1. loop_ctl_mutex -> bdev->bd_mutex (when loop_control_ioctl calls
loop_remove, which then calls del_gendisk; this also happens in
loop_exit which eventually calls loop_remove)

2. bdev->bd_mutex -> mtd_table_mutex (when blkdev_get_by_dev calls
__blkdev_get, which then calls blktrans_open)

3. mtd_table_mutex -> major_names_lock (when register_mtd_blktrans
calls __register_blkdev)

4. major_names_lock -> loop_ctl_mutex (when blk_request_module calls
loop_probe)

Hence there's an overall dependency of:

loop_ctl_mutex   ----------> bdev->bd_mutex
      ^                            |
      |                            |
      |                            v
major_names_lock <---------  mtd_table_mutex

We can break this circular dependency by holding mtd_table_mutex only
for the required critical section in register_mtd_blktrans. This
avoids the mtd_table_mutex -> major_names_lock dependency.

Reported-and-tested-by: [email protected]
Co-developed-by: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Desmond Cheong Zhi Xi <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Miquel Raynal <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mtd/[email protected]

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