doc: Add load/store guarantees to Documentation/atomic-ops.txt

An IRC discussion uncovered many conflicting opinions on what types
of data may be atomically loaded and stored.  This commit therefore
calls this out the official set: pointers, longs, ints, and chars (but
not shorts).  This commit also gives some examples of compiler mischief
that can thwart atomicity.

Please note that this discussion is relevant to !SMP kernels if
CONFIG_PREEMPT=y: preemption can cause almost as much trouble as can SMP.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <[email protected]>
Cc: Richard Henderson <[email protected]>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <[email protected]>
Cc: Matt Turner <[email protected]>
Cc: Russell King <[email protected]>
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <[email protected]>
Cc: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <[email protected]>
Cc: Mike Frysinger <[email protected]>
Cc: Mikael Starvik <[email protected]>
Cc: Jesper Nilsson <[email protected]>
Cc: David Howells <[email protected]>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <[email protected]>
Cc: Richard Kuo <[email protected]>
Cc: Jes Sorensen <[email protected]>
Cc: Hirokazu Takata <[email protected]>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Simek <[email protected]>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <[email protected]>
Cc: Koichi Yasutake <[email protected]>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <[email protected]>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <[email protected]>
Cc: Helge Deller <[email protected]>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <[email protected]>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <[email protected]>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <[email protected]>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <[email protected]>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <[email protected]>
Cc: Chen Liqin <[email protected]>
Cc: Lennox Wu <[email protected]>
Cc: Paul Mundt <[email protected]>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <[email protected]>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <[email protected]>
Cc: Jeff Dike <[email protected]>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <[email protected]>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <[email protected]>
Cc: Chris Zankel <[email protected]>

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