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This is the page owner tracking code which is introduced so far ago. It
is resident on Andrew's tree, though, nobody tried to upstream so it
remain as is. Our company uses this feature actively to debug memory leak
or to find a memory hogger so I decide to upstream this feature.
This functionality help us to know who allocates the page. When
allocating a page, we store some information about allocation in extra
memory. Later, if we need to know status of all pages, we can get and
analyze it from this stored information.
In previous version of this feature, extra memory is statically defined in
struct page, but, in this version, extra memory is allocated outside of
struct page. It enables us to turn on/off this feature at boottime
without considerable memory waste.
Although we already have tracepoint for tracing page allocation/free,
using it to analyze page owner is rather complex. We need to enlarge the
trace buffer for preventing overlapping until userspace program launched.
And, launched program continually dump out the trace buffer for later
analysis and it would change system behaviour with more possibility rather
than just keeping it in memory, so bad for debug.
Moreover, we can use page_owner feature further for various purposes. For
example, we can use it for fragmentation statistics implemented in this
patch. And, I also plan to implement some CMA failure debugging feature
using this interface.
I'd like to give the credit for all developers contributed this feature,
but, it's not easy because I don't know exact history. Sorry about that.
Below is people who has "Signed-off-by" in the patches in Andrew's tree.
Contributor:
Alexander Nyberg <[email protected]>
Mel Gorman <[email protected]>
Dave Hansen <[email protected]>
Minchan Kim <[email protected]>
Michal Nazarewicz <[email protected]>
Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Jungsoo Son <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]>
Cc: Mel Gorman <[email protected]>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
Cc: Minchan Kim <[email protected]>
Cc: Dave Hansen <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <[email protected]>
Cc: Jungsoo Son <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Always mark pages with PageBalloon even if balloon compaction is disabled
and expose this mark in /proc/kpageflags as KPF_BALLOON.
Also this patch adds three counters into /proc/vmstat: "balloon_inflate",
"balloon_deflate" and "balloon_migrate". They accumulate balloon
activity. Current size of balloon is (balloon_inflate - balloon_deflate)
pages.
All generic balloon code now gathered under option CONFIG_MEMORY_BALLOON.
It should be selected by ballooning driver which wants use this feature.
Currently virtio-balloon is the only user.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <[email protected]>
Cc: Rafael Aquini <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Recently added page-cache dumping is known to be a little bit racy.
But after race with truncate it just dies due to unhandled SIGBUS
when it tries to poke pages beyond the new end of file.
This patch adds handler for SIGBUS which skips the rest of the file.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <[email protected]>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Cc: <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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After this patch 'page-types' can walk over a file's mappings and
analyze populated page cache pages mostly without disturbing its state.
It maps chunk of file, marks VMA as MADV_RANDOM to turn off readahead,
pokes VMA via mincore() to determine cached pages, triggers page-fault
only for them, and finally gathers information via pagemap/kpageflags.
Before unmap it marks VMA as MADV_SEQUENTIAL for ignoring reference
bits.
usage: page-types -f <path>
If <path> is directory it will analyse all files in all subdirectories.
Symlinks are not followed as well as mount points. Hardlinks aren't
handled, they'll be dumped as many times as they are found. Recursive
walk brings all dentries into dcache and populates page cache of
block-devices aka 'Buffers'.
Probably it's worth to add ioctl for dumping file page cache as array of
PFNs as a replacement for this hackish juggling with
mmap/madvise/mincore/pagemap. Also recursive walk could be replaced
with dumping cached inodes via some ioctl or debugfs interface followed
by openning them via open_by_handle_at, this would fix hardlinks
handling and unneeded population of dcache and buffers. This interface
might be used as data source for constructing readahead plans and for
background optimizations of actively used files.
collateral changes:
+ fix 64-bit LFS: define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS instead of _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE
+ replace lseek + read with single pread
+ make show_page_range() reusable after flush
usage example:
~/src/linux/tools/vm$ sudo ./page-types -L -f page-types
foffset offset flags
page-types Inode: 2229277 Size: 89065 (22 pages)
Modify: Tue Feb 25 12:00:59 2014 (162 seconds ago)
Access: Tue Feb 25 12:01:00 2014 (161 seconds ago)
0 3cbf3b __RU_lA____M________________________
1 38946a __RU_lA____M________________________
2 1a3cec __RU_lA____M________________________
3 1a8321 __RU_lA____M________________________
4 3af7cc __RU_lA____M________________________
5 1ed532 __RU_lA_____________________________
6 2e436a __RU_lA_____________________________
7 29a35e ___U_lA_____________________________
8 2de86e ___U_lA_____________________________
9 3bdfb4 ___U_lA_____________________________
10 3cd8a3 ___U_lA_____________________________
11 2afa50 ___U_lA_____________________________
12 2534c2 ___U_lA_____________________________
13 1b7a40 ___U_lA_____________________________
14 17b0be ___U_lA_____________________________
15 392b0c ___U_lA_____________________________
16 3ba46a __RU_lA_____________________________
17 397dc8 ___U_lA_____________________________
18 1f2a36 ___U_lA_____________________________
19 21fd30 __RU_lA_____________________________
20 2c35ba __RU_l______________________________
21 20f181 __RU_l______________________________
flags page-count MB symbolic-flags long-symbolic-flags
0x000000000000002c 2 0 __RU_l______________________________ referenced,uptodate,lru
0x0000000000000068 11 0 ___U_lA_____________________________ uptodate,lru,active
0x000000000000006c 4 0 __RU_lA_____________________________ referenced,uptodate,lru,active
0x000000000000086c 5 0 __RU_lA____M________________________ referenced,uptodate,lru,active,mmap
total 22 0
~/src/linux/tools/vm$ sudo ./page-types -f /
flags page-count MB symbolic-flags long-symbolic-flags
0x0000000000000028 21761 85 ___U_l______________________________ uptodate,lru
0x000000000000002c 127279 497 __RU_l______________________________ referenced,uptodate,lru
0x0000000000000068 74160 289 ___U_lA_____________________________ uptodate,lru,active
0x000000000000006c 84469 329 __RU_lA_____________________________ referenced,uptodate,lru,active
0x000000000000007c 1 0 __RUDlA_____________________________ referenced,uptodate,dirty,lru,active
0x0000000000000228 370 1 ___U_l___I__________________________ uptodate,lru,reclaim
0x0000000000000828 49 0 ___U_l_____M________________________ uptodate,lru,mmap
0x000000000000082c 126 0 __RU_l_____M________________________ referenced,uptodate,lru,mmap
0x0000000000000868 137 0 ___U_lA____M________________________ uptodate,lru,active,mmap
0x000000000000086c 12890 50 __RU_lA____M________________________ referenced,uptodate,lru,active,mmap
total 321242 1254
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <[email protected]>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <[email protected]>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <[email protected]>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Move debugfs.* to api/fs/. We have a common tools/lib/api/ place where
the Makefile lives and then we place the headers in subdirs.
For example, all the fs-related stuff goes to tools/lib/api/fs/ from
which we get libapikfs.a (acme got almost the naming he wanted :-)) and
we link it into the tools which need it - in this case perf and
tools/vm/page-types.
acme:
"Looking at the implementation, I think some tools can even link
directly to the .o files, avoiding the .a file altogether.
But that is just an optimization/finer granularity tools/lib/
cherrypicking that toolers can make use of."
Fixup documentation cleaning target while at it.
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <[email protected]>
Cc: Andi Kleen <[email protected]>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <[email protected]>
Cc: David Ahern <[email protected]>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <[email protected]>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <[email protected]>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <[email protected]>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <[email protected]>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Robert Richter <[email protected]>
Cc: Stanislav Fomichev <[email protected]>
Cc: Stephane Eranian <[email protected]>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <[email protected]>
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Soft dirty bit allows us to track which pages are written since the last
clear_ref (by "echo 4 > /proc/pid/clear_refs".) This is useful for
userspace applications to know their memory footprints.
Note that the kernel exposes this flag via bit[55] of /proc/pid/pagemap,
and the semantics is not a default one (scheduled to be the default in the
near future.) However, it shifts to the new semantics at the first
clear_ref, and the users of soft dirty bit always do it before utilizing
the bit, so that's not a big deal. Users must avoid relying on the bit in
page-types before the first clear_ref.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <[email protected]>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <[email protected]>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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page-flags.c had some older version of debugfs_mount copied from perf so
convert it to using the version in the tools library.
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <[email protected]>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <[email protected]>
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There is no .gitignore in tools/vm, so 'git status' always show built
binaries. To ignore this, add .gitignore.
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Fix tools/vm/page-types.c to use the UAPI variant of linux/kernel-page-flags.h
lest the following error appear:
In file included from page-types.c:38:0:
../../include/linux/kernel-page-flags.h:4:42: fatal error:
uapi/linux/kernel-page-flags.h: No such file or directory
Reported-by: Daniel Hazelton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Fengguang Wu <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Daniel Hazelton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Signed-off-by: David Howells <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Michael Kerrisk <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Dave Jones <[email protected]>
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In function slab_stats(), if total_free is equal zero, it will error.
So fix it.
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: majianpeng <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <[email protected]>
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Compiling page-type.c with a recent compiler produces many warnings,
mostly related to signed/unsigned comparisons. This patch cleans up most
of them.
One remaining warning is about an unused parameter. The <compiler.h> file
doesn't define a __unused macro (or the like) yet. This can be addressed
later.
Signed-off-by: Ulrich Drepper <[email protected]>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Fengguang Wu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Programs using /proc/kpageflags need to know about the various flags. The
<linux/kernel-page-flags.h> provides them and the comments in the file
indicate that it is supposed to be used by user-level code. But the file
is not installed.
Install the headers and mark the unstable flags as out-of-bounds. The
page-type tool is also adjusted to not duplicate the definitions
Signed-off-by: Ulrich Drepper <[email protected]>
Acked-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Fengguang Wu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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We have tools/vm/ folder for vm tools, so move slabinfo.c from tools/slub/
to tools/vm/
Signed-off-by: Dave Young <[email protected]>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <[email protected]>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <[email protected]>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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tools/ is the better place for vm tools which are used by many people.
Moving them to tools also make them open to more users instead of hide in
Documentation folder.
This patch moves page-types.c to tools/vm/page-types.c. Also add a
Makefile in tools/vm and fix two coding style problems: a) change const
arrary to 'const char * const', b) change a space to tab for indent.
Signed-off-by: Dave Young <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Wu Fengguang <[email protected]>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <[email protected]>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <[email protected]>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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