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To quote Alan Cox:
The default Linux behaviour on an NMI of either memory or unknown is to
continue operation. For many environments such as scientific computing
it is preferable that the box is taken out and the error dealt with than
an uncorrected parity/ECC error get propogated.
A small number of systems do generate NMI's for bizarre random reasons
such as power management so the default is unchanged. In other respects
the new proc/sys entry works like the existing panic controls already in
that directory.
This is separate to the edac support - EDAC allows supported chipsets to
handle ECC errors well, this change allows unsupported cases to at least
panic rather than cause problems further down the line.
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <[email protected]>
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Adds a new /proc/sys/kernel/nmi call that will enable/disable the nmi
watchdog.
Signed-off-by: Don Zickus <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <[email protected]>
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We do not always need proxy NDP functionality even we
enable forwarding.
Signed-off-by: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Add support for the Commercial IP Security Option (CIPSO) to the IPv4
network stack. CIPSO has become a de-facto standard for
trusted/labeled networking amongst existing Trusted Operating Systems
such as Trusted Solaris, HP-UX CMW, etc. This implementation is
designed to be used with the NetLabel subsystem to provide explicit
packet labeling to LSM developers.
The CIPSO/IPv4 packet labeling works by the LSM calling a NetLabel API
function which attaches a CIPSO label (IPv4 option) to a given socket;
this in turn attaches the CIPSO label to every packet leaving the
socket without any extra processing on the outbound side. On the
inbound side the individual packet's sk_buff is examined through a
call to a NetLabel API function to determine if a CIPSO/IPv4 label is
present and if so the security attributes of the CIPSO label are
returned to the caller of the NetLabel API function.
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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It turns out that it is advantageous to leave a small portion of unmapped file
backed pages if all of a zone's pages (or almost all pages) are allocated and
so the page allocator has to go off-node.
This allows recently used file I/O buffers to stay on the node and
reduces the times that zone reclaim is invoked if file I/O occurs
when we run out of memory in a zone.
The problem is that zone reclaim runs too frequently when the page cache is
used for file I/O (read write and therefore unmapped pages!) alone and we have
almost all pages of the zone allocated. Zone reclaim may remove 32 unmapped
pages. File I/O will use these pages for the next read/write requests and the
unmapped pages increase. After the zone has filled up again zone reclaim will
remove it again after only 32 pages. This cycle is too inefficient and there
are potentially too many zone reclaim cycles.
With the 1% boundary we may still remove all unmapped pages for file I/O in
zone reclaim pass. However. it will take a large number of read and writes
to get back to 1% again where we trigger zone reclaim again.
The zone reclaim 2.6.16/17 does not show this behavior because we have a 30
second timeout.
[[email protected]: rename the /proc file and the variable]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Core functions for the rt-mutex subsystem.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Move the i386 VDSO down into a vma and thus randomize it.
Besides the security implications, this feature also helps debuggers, which
can COW a vma-backed VDSO just like a normal DSO and can thus do
single-stepping and other debugging features.
It's good for hypervisors (Xen, VMWare) too, which typically live in the same
high-mapped address space as the VDSO, hence whenever the VDSO is used, they
get lots of guest pagefaults and have to fix such guest accesses up - which
slows things down instead of speeding things up (the primary purpose of the
VDSO).
There's a new CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO (default=y) option, which provides support
for older glibcs that still rely on a prelinked high-mapped VDSO. Newer
distributions (using glibc 2.3.3 or later) can turn this option off. Turning
it off is also recommended for security reasons: attackers cannot use the
predictable high-mapped VDSO page as syscall trampoline anymore.
There is a new vdso=[0|1] boot option as well, and a runtime
/proc/sys/vm/vdso_enabled sysctl switch, that allows the VDSO to be turned
on/off.
(This version of the VDSO-randomization patch also has working ELF
coredumping, the previous patch crashed in the coredumping code.)
This code is a combined work of the exec-shield VDSO randomization
code and Gerd Hoffmann's hypervisor-centric VDSO patch. Rusty Russell
started this patch and i completed it.
[[email protected]: cleanups]
[[email protected]: compile fix]
[[email protected]: compile fix 2]
[[email protected]: compile fix 3]
[[email protected]: revernt MAXMEM change]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <[email protected]>
Cc: Gerd Hoffmann <[email protected]>
Cc: Rusty Russell <[email protected]>
Cc: Zachary Amsden <[email protected]>
Cc: Andi Kleen <[email protected]>
Cc: Jan Beulich <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Sometimes e.g. with crashme the compat layer warnings can be noisy.
Add a way to turn them off by gating all output through compat_printk
that checks a global sysctl. The default is not changed.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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The table is empty, why does it still exist?
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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This patch adds panic_on_oom sysctl under sys.vm.
When sysctl vm.panic_on_oom = 1, the kernel panics intead of killing rogue
processes. And if vm.panic_on_oom is 0 the kernel will do oom_kill() in
the same way as it does today. Of course, the default value is 0 and only
root can modifies it.
In general, oom_killer works well and kill rogue processes. So the whole
system can survive. But there are environments where panic is preferable
rather than kill some processes.
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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A lot of people have asked for a way to disable tcp_cwnd_restart(),
and it seems reasonable to add a sysctl to do that.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Any socket recv of less than this ammount will not be offloaded
Signed-off-by: Chris Leech <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Back in the dark ages, we had to be conservative and only allow 15-bit
window fields if the window scale option was not negotiated. Some
ancient stacks used a signed 16-bit quantity for the window field of
the TCP header and would get confused.
Those days are long gone, so we can use the full 16-bits by default
now.
There is a sysctl added so that we can still interact with such old
stacks
Signed-off-by: Rick Jones <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Signed-off-by: Neil Horman <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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[root@qemu ~]# for a in /proc/sys/net/dccp/default/* ; do echo $a ; cat $a ; done
/proc/sys/net/dccp/default/ack_ratio
2
/proc/sys/net/dccp/default/rx_ccid
3
/proc/sys/net/dccp/default/send_ackvec
1
/proc/sys/net/dccp/default/send_ndp
1
/proc/sys/net/dccp/default/seq_window
100
/proc/sys/net/dccp/default/tx_ccid
3
[root@qemu ~]#
So if wanting to test ccid3 as the tx CCID one can just do:
[root@qemu ~]# echo 3 > /proc/sys/net/dccp/default/tx_ccid
[root@qemu ~]# echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/dccp/default/rx_ccid
[root@qemu ~]# cat /proc/sys/net/dccp/default/[tr]x_ccid
2
3
[root@qemu ~]#
Of course we also need the setsockopt for each app to tell its preferences, but
for testing or defining something other than CCID2 as the default for apps that
don't explicitely set their preference the sysctl interface is handy.
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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This patch provides the core functionality needed for sync events
for ipsec. Derived work of Krisztian KOVACS <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Implementation of packetization layer path mtu discovery for TCP, based on
the internet-draft currently found at
<http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-pmtud-method-05.txt>.
Signed-off-by: John Heffner <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Signed-off-by: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Signed-off-by: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Signed-off-by: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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This controls whether we accept Prefix Information in RAs.
Signed-off-by: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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This controls whether we accept default router information
in RAs.
Signed-off-by: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Allow sysadmin to disable all warnings about userland apps
making unaligned accesses by using:
# echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/ignore-unaligned-usertrap
Rather than having to use prctl on a process by process basis.
Default behaivour leaves the warnings enabled.
Signed-off-by: Jes Sorensen <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <[email protected]>
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Currently, acpi video options can only be set on kernel command line. That's
little inflexible; I'd like userland s2ram application that just works, and
modifying kernel command line according to whitelist is not fun. It is better
to just allow s2ram application to set video options just before suspend
(according to the whitelist).
This implements sysctl to allow setting suspend video options without reboot.
(akpm: Documentation updates for this new sysctl are pending..)
Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <[email protected]>
Cc: "Brown, Len" <[email protected]>
Cc: "Antonino A. Daplas" <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Currently the zone_reclaim code has a fixed window of 30 seconds of off node
allocations should a local zone have no unused pagecache pages left. Reclaim
will be attempted again after this timeout period to avoid repeated useless
scans for memory. This is also useful to established sufficiently large off
node allocation chunks to relieve the local node.
It may be beneficial to adjust that time period for some special situations.
For example if memory use was exceeding node capacity one may want to give up
for longer periods of time. If memory spikes intermittendly then one may want
to shorten the time period to reduce the number of off node allocations.
This patch allows just that....
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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proc support for zone reclaim
This patch creates a proc entry /proc/sys/vm/zone_reclaim_mode that may be
used to override the automatic determination of the zone reclaim made on
bootup.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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As recently there has been lot of traffic on the right values for batch and
high water marks for per_cpu_pagelists. This patch makes these two
variables configurable through /proc interface.
A new tunable /proc/sys/vm/percpu_pagelist_fraction is added. This entry
controls the fraction of pages at most in each zone that are allocated for
each per cpu page list. The min value for this is 8. It means that we
don't allow more than 1/8th of pages in each zone to be allocated in any
single per_cpu_pagelist.
The batch value of each per cpu pagelist is also updated as a result. It
is set to pcp->high/4. The upper limit of batch is (PAGE_SHIFT * 8)
Signed-off-by: Rohit Seth <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Add /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches. When written to, this will cause the kernel to
discard as much pagecache and/or reclaimable slab objects as it can. THis
operation requires root permissions.
It won't drop dirty data, so the user should run `sync' first.
Caveats:
a) Holds inode_lock for exorbitant amounts of time.
b) Needs to be taught about NUMA nodes: propagate these all the way through
so the discarding can be controlled on a per-node basis.
This is a debugging feature: useful for getting consistent results between
filesystem benchmarks. We could possibly put it under a config option, but
it's less than 300 bytes.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Trivial manual merge fixup for usb_find_interface clashes.
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Leave the overloaded "hotplug" word to susbsystems which are handling
real devices. The driver core does not "plug" anything, it just exports
the state to userspace and generates events.
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
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Another spin of Herbert Xu's "safer ip reassembly" patch
for 2.6.16.
(The original patch is here:
http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-netdev&m=112281936522415&w=2
and my only contribution is to have tested it.)
This patch (optionally) does additional checks before accepting IP
fragments, which can greatly reduce the possibility of reassembling
fragments which originated from different IP datagrams.
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Arthur Kepner <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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The patch (originally from Steve) simply adds memory buffer settings to
DECnet similar to those in TCP.
Signed-off-by: Patrick Caulfield <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Make sysctl.h (again) useable from userspace
Signed-off-by: Harald Welte <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Also introduces a sysctl option to configure the receive buffer
accounting policy to be either at socket or association level.
Default is all the associations on the same socket share the
receive buffer.
Signed-off-by: Neil Horman <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Sridhar Samudrala <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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This is an updated version of the RFC3465 ABC patch originally
for Linux 2.6.11-rc4 by Yee-Ting Li. ABC is a way of counting
bytes ack'd rather than packets when updating congestion control.
The orignal ABC described in the RFC applied to a Reno style
algorithm. For advanced congestion control there is little
change after leaving slow start.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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The existing connection tracking subsystem in netfilter can only
handle ipv4. There were basically two choices present to add
connection tracking support for ipv6. We could either duplicate all
of the ipv4 connection tracking code into an ipv6 counterpart, or (the
choice taken by these patches) we could design a generic layer that
could handle both ipv4 and ipv6 and thus requiring only one sub-protocol
(TCP, UDP, etc.) connection tracking helper module to be written.
In fact nf_conntrack is capable of working with any layer 3
protocol.
The existing ipv4 specific conntrack code could also not deal
with the pecularities of doing connection tracking on ipv6,
which is also cured here. For example, these issues include:
1) ICMPv6 handling, which is used for neighbour discovery in
ipv6 thus some messages such as these should not participate
in connection tracking since effectively they are like ARP
messages
2) fragmentation must be handled differently in ipv6, because
the simplistic "defrag, connection track and NAT, refrag"
(which the existing ipv4 connection tracking does) approach simply
isn't feasible in ipv6
3) ipv6 extension header parsing must occur at the correct spots
before and after connection tracking decisions, and there were
no provisions for this in the existing connection tracking
design
4) ipv6 has no need for stateful NAT
The ipv4 specific conntrack layer is kept around, until all of
the ipv4 specific conntrack helpers are ported over to nf_conntrack
and it is feature complete. Once that occurs, the old conntrack
stuff will get placed into the feature-removal-schedule and we will
fully kill it off 6 months later.
Signed-off-by: Yasuyuki Kozakai <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Harald Welte <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <[email protected]>
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You could open the /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/<if>/<whatever> file, then
wait for interface to go away, try to grab as much memory as possible in
hope to hit the (kfreed) ctl_table. Then fill it with pointers to your
function. Then do read from file you've opened and if you are lucky,
you'll get it called as ->proc_handler() in kernel mode.
So this is at least an Oops and possibly more. It does depend on an
interface going away though, so less of a security risk than it would
otherwise be.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Signed-off-by: Jochen Friedrich <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <[email protected]>
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NET/ROM is lacking a connection reset like TCP's RST flag which at times
may result in a connecting having to slowly timing out instead of just being
reset. An earlier attempt to reset the connection by sending a
NR_CONNACK | NR_CHOKE_FLAG transport was inacceptable as it did result in
crashes of BPQ systems. An alternative approach of introducing a new
transport type 7 (NR_RESET) has be implemented several years ago in
Paula Jayne Dowie G8PZT's Xrouter.
Implement NR_RESET for Linux's NET/ROM but like any messing with the state
engine consider this experimental for now and thus control it by a sysctl
(net.netrom.reset) which for the time being defaults to off.
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle DL5RB <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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The IPMI power control function proc_write_chassctrl was badly written, it
directly used userspace pointers, it assumed that strings were NULL
terminated, and it used the evil sscanf function. This converts over to
using the sysctl interface for this data and changes the semantics to be a
little more logical.
Signed-off-by: Corey Minyard <[email protected]>
Cc: <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Split spin lock and r/w lock implementation into a single try which is done
inline and an out of line function that repeatedly tries to get the lock
before doing the cpu_relax(). Add a system control to set the number of
retries before a cpu is yielded.
The reason for the spin lock retry is that the diagnose 0x44 that is used to
give up the virtual cpu is quite expensive. For spin locks that are held only
for a short period of time the costs of the diagnoses outweights the savings
for spin locks that are held for a longer timer. The default retry count is
1000.
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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This moves the inotify sysctl knobs to "/proc/sys/fs/inotify" from
"/proc/sys/fs". Also some related cleanup.
Signed-off-by: Robert Love <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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inotify is intended to correct the deficiencies of dnotify, particularly
its inability to scale and its terrible user interface:
* dnotify requires the opening of one fd per each directory
that you intend to watch. This quickly results in too many
open files and pins removable media, preventing unmount.
* dnotify is directory-based. You only learn about changes to
directories. Sure, a change to a file in a directory affects
the directory, but you are then forced to keep a cache of
stat structures.
* dnotify's interface to user-space is awful. Signals?
inotify provides a more usable, simple, powerful solution to file change
notification:
* inotify's interface is a system call that returns a fd, not SIGIO.
You get a single fd, which is select()-able.
* inotify has an event that says "the filesystem that the item
you were watching is on was unmounted."
* inotify can watch directories or files.
Inotify is currently used by Beagle (a desktop search infrastructure),
Gamin (a FAM replacement), and other projects.
See Documentation/filesystems/inotify.txt.
Signed-off-by: Robert Love <[email protected]>
Cc: John McCutchan <[email protected]>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Signed-off-by: Vlad Yasevich <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Sridhar Samudrala <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Separate out the two uses of netdev_max_backlog. One controls the
upper bound on packets processed per softirq, the new name for this is
netdev_budget; the other controls the limit on packets queued via
netif_rx.
Increase the max_backlog default to account for faster processors.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Allow TCP to have multiple pluggable congestion control algorithms.
Algorithms are defined by a set of operations and can be built in
or modules. The legacy "new RENO" algorithm is used as a starting
point and fallback.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Add a new `suid_dumpable' sysctl:
This value can be used to query and set the core dump mode for setuid
or otherwise protected/tainted binaries. The modes are
0 - (default) - traditional behaviour. Any process which has changed
privilege levels or is execute only will not be dumped
1 - (debug) - all processes dump core when possible. The core dump is
owned by the current user and no security is applied. This is intended
for system debugging situations only. Ptrace is unchecked.
2 - (suidsafe) - any binary which normally would not be dumped is dumped
readable by root only. This allows the end user to remove such a dump but
not access it directly. For security reasons core dumps in this mode will
not overwrite one another or other files. This mode is appropriate when
adminstrators are attempting to debug problems in a normal environment.
(akpm:
> > +EXPORT_SYMBOL(suid_dumpable);
>
> EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL?
No problem to me.
> > if (current->euid == current->uid && current->egid == current->gid)
> > current->mm->dumpable = 1;
>
> Should this be SUID_DUMP_USER?
Actually the feedback I had from last time was that the SUID_ defines
should go because its clearer to follow the numbers. They can go
everywhere (and there are lots of places where dumpable is tested/used
as a bool in untouched code)
> Maybe this should be renamed to `dump_policy' or something. Doing that
> would help us catch any code which isn't using the #defines, too.
Fair comment. The patch was designed to be easy to maintain for Red Hat
rather than for merging. Changing that field would create a gigantic
diff because it is used all over the place.
)
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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This patch alows you to change the source address of icmp error
messages. It applies cleanly to 2.6.11.11 and retains the default
behaviour.
In the old (default) behaviour icmp error messages are sent with the ip
of the exiting interface.
The new behaviour (when the sysctl variable is toggled on), it will send
the message with the ip of the interface that received the packet that
caused the icmp error. This is the behaviour network administrators will
expect from a router. It makes debugging complicated network layouts
much easier. Also, all 'vendor routers' I know of have the later
behaviour.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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Add an option to make secondary IP addresses get promoted
when primary IP addresses are removed from the device.
It defaults to off to preserve existing behavior.
Signed-off-by: Harald Welte <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
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