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Currently the callback passed to arch_stack_walk() has an argument called
reliable passed to it to indicate if the stack entry is reliable, a comment
says that this is used by some printk() consumers. However in the current
kernel none of the arch_stack_walk() implementations ever set this flag to
true and the only callback implementation we have is in the generic
stacktrace code which ignores the flag. It therefore appears that this
flag is redundant so we can simplify and clarify things by removing it.
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Miroslav Benes <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <[email protected]>
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Modify the variable type of 'skip' member of struct stack_trace.
In theory, the 'skip' variable type should be unsigned int.
There are two reasons:
- The 'skip' only has two situation, 1)Positive value, 2)Zero
- The 'skip' of struct stack_trace has inconsistent type with struct
stack_trace_data, it makes a bit confusion in the relationship between
struct stack_trace and stack_trace_data.
Signed-off-by: Walter Wu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <[email protected]>
Cc: Matthias Brugger <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Make it clear to humans and to the compiler that the stack trace
('entries') arguments are not modified.
Signed-off-by: Bart Van Assche <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <[email protected]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc: Waiman Long <[email protected]>
Cc: Will Deacon <[email protected]>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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All architectures which support stacktrace carry duplicated code and
do the stack storage and filtering at the architecture side.
Provide a consolidated interface with a callback function for consuming the
stack entries provided by the architecture specific stack walker. This
removes lots of duplicated code and allows to implement better filtering
than 'skip number of entries' in the future without touching any
architecture specific code.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Josh Poimboeuf <[email protected]>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Steven Rostedt <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <[email protected]>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: David Rientjes <[email protected]>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <[email protected]>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Mike Rapoport <[email protected]>
Cc: Akinobu Mita <[email protected]>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Robin Murphy <[email protected]>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <[email protected]>
Cc: Johannes Thumshirn <[email protected]>
Cc: David Sterba <[email protected]>
Cc: Chris Mason <[email protected]>
Cc: Josef Bacik <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Mike Snitzer <[email protected]>
Cc: Alasdair Kergon <[email protected]>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Joonas Lahtinen <[email protected]>
Cc: Maarten Lankhorst <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: David Airlie <[email protected]>
Cc: Jani Nikula <[email protected]>
Cc: Rodrigo Vivi <[email protected]>
Cc: Tom Zanussi <[email protected]>
Cc: Miroslav Benes <[email protected]>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
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No more users of the struct stack_trace based interfaces. Remove them.
Remove the macro stubs for !CONFIG_STACKTRACE as well as they are pointless
because the storage on the call sites is conditional on CONFIG_STACKTRACE
already. No point to be 'smart'.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Josh Poimboeuf <[email protected]>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <[email protected]>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: David Rientjes <[email protected]>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <[email protected]>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Mike Rapoport <[email protected]>
Cc: Akinobu Mita <[email protected]>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Robin Murphy <[email protected]>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <[email protected]>
Cc: Johannes Thumshirn <[email protected]>
Cc: David Sterba <[email protected]>
Cc: Chris Mason <[email protected]>
Cc: Josef Bacik <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Mike Snitzer <[email protected]>
Cc: Alasdair Kergon <[email protected]>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Joonas Lahtinen <[email protected]>
Cc: Maarten Lankhorst <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: David Airlie <[email protected]>
Cc: Jani Nikula <[email protected]>
Cc: Rodrigo Vivi <[email protected]>
Cc: Tom Zanussi <[email protected]>
Cc: Miroslav Benes <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
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All operations with stack traces are based on struct stack_trace. That's a
horrible construct as the struct is a kitchen sink for input and
output. Quite some usage sites embed it into their own data structures
which creates weird indirections.
There is absolutely no point in doing so. For all use cases a storage array
and the number of valid stack trace entries in the array is sufficient.
Provide helper functions which avoid the struct stack_trace indirection so
the usage sites can be cleaned up.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Josh Poimboeuf <[email protected]>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <[email protected]>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: David Rientjes <[email protected]>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <[email protected]>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Mike Rapoport <[email protected]>
Cc: Akinobu Mita <[email protected]>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Robin Murphy <[email protected]>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <[email protected]>
Cc: Johannes Thumshirn <[email protected]>
Cc: David Sterba <[email protected]>
Cc: Chris Mason <[email protected]>
Cc: Josef Bacik <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Mike Snitzer <[email protected]>
Cc: Alasdair Kergon <[email protected]>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Joonas Lahtinen <[email protected]>
Cc: Maarten Lankhorst <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: David Airlie <[email protected]>
Cc: Jani Nikula <[email protected]>
Cc: Rodrigo Vivi <[email protected]>
Cc: Tom Zanussi <[email protected]>
Cc: Miroslav Benes <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
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Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
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For live patching and possibly other use cases, a stack trace is only
useful if it can be assured that it's completely reliable. Add a new
save_stack_trace_tsk_reliable() function to achieve that.
Note that if the target task isn't the current task, and the target task
is allowed to run, then it could be writing the stack while the unwinder
is reading it, resulting in possible corruption. So the caller of
save_stack_trace_tsk_reliable() must ensure that the task is either
'current' or inactive.
save_stack_trace_tsk_reliable() relies on the x86 unwinder's detection
of pt_regs on the stack. If the pt_regs are not user-mode registers
from a syscall, then they indicate an in-kernel interrupt or exception
(e.g. preemption or a page fault), in which case the stack is considered
unreliable due to the nature of frame pointers.
It also relies on the x86 unwinder's detection of other issues, such as:
- corrupted stack data
- stack grows the wrong way
- stack walk doesn't reach the bottom
- user didn't provide a large enough entries array
Such issues are reported by checking unwind_error() and !unwind_done().
Also add CONFIG_HAVE_RELIABLE_STACKTRACE so arch-independent code can
determine at build time whether the function is implemented.
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Miroslav Benes <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]> # for the x86 changes
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <[email protected]>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial
Pull trivial tree from Jiri Kosina:
"Usual trivial tree updates. Nothing outstanding -- mostly printk()
and comment fixes and unused identifier removals"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial:
goldfish: goldfish_tty_probe() is not using 'i' any more
powerpc: Fix comment in smu.h
qla2xxx: Fix printks in ql_log message
lib: correct link to the original source for div64_u64
si2168, tda10071, m88ds3103: Fix firmware wording
usb: storage: Fix printk in isd200_log_config()
qla2xxx: Fix printk in qla25xx_setup_mode
init/main: fix reset_device comment
ipwireless: missing assignment
goldfish: remove unreachable line of code
coredump: Fix do_coredump() comment
stacktrace.h: remove duplicate declaration task_struct
smpboot.h: Remove unused function prototype
treewide: Fix typo in printk messages
treewide: Fix typo in printk messages
mod_devicetable: fix comment for match_flags
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There is duplicate declaration for struct task_struct.
One can be removed safely.
Signed-off-by: Himanshu Maithani <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <[email protected]>
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Current stacktrace only have the function for console output. page_owner
that will be introduced in following patch needs to print the output of
stacktrace into the buffer for our own output format so so new function,
snprint_stack_trace(), is needed.
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]>
Cc: Mel Gorman <[email protected]>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
Cc: Minchan Kim <[email protected]>
Cc: Dave Hansen <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <[email protected]>
Cc: Jungsoo Son <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Swap the 1st and 2nd parameters of save_stack_trace_regs()
as same as the parameters of save_stack_trace_tsk().
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20110608070921.17777.31103.stgit@fedora15
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <[email protected]>
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The various stack tracing routines take a 'bp' argument in which the
caller is supposed to provide the base pointer to use, or 0 if doesn't
have one. Since bp is garbage whenever CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER is not
defined, this means all callers in principle should either always pass
0, or be conditional on CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER.
However, there are only really three use cases for stack tracing:
(a) Trace the current task, including IRQ stack if any
(b) Trace the current task, but skip IRQ stack
(c) Trace some other task
In all cases, if CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER is not defined, bp should just
be 0. If it _is_ defined, then
- in case (a) bp should be gotten directly from the CPU's register, so
the caller should pass NULL for regs,
- in case (b) the caller should should pass the IRQ registers to
dump_trace(),
- in case (c) bp should be gotten from the top of the task's stack, so
the caller should pass NULL for regs.
Hence, the bp argument is not necessary because the combination of
task and regs is sufficient to determine an appropriate value for bp.
This patch introduces a new inline function stack_frame(task, regs)
that computes the desired bp. This function is then called from the
two versions of dump_stack().
Signed-off-by: Soren Sandmann <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <[email protected]>,
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <[email protected]>,
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <[email protected]>,
LKML-Reference: <[email protected]>>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <[email protected]>
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This is needed if the header is to be free-standing.
Signed-off-by: Vegard Nossum <[email protected]>
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This will help kmemcheck (and possibly other debugging tools) since we
can now simply pass regs->bp to the stack tracer instead of specifying
the number of stack frames to skip, which is unreliable if gcc decides
to inline functions, etc.
Note that this makes the API incomplete for other architectures, but I
expect that those can be updated lazily, e.g. when they need it.
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Vegard Nossum <[email protected]>
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Impact: cleanup
User stack tracing is just implemented for x86, but it is not x86 specific.
Introduce a generic config flag, that is currently enabled only for x86.
When other arches implement it, they will have to
SELECT USER_STACKTRACE_SUPPORT.
Signed-off-by: Török Edwin <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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Impact: cleanup
Signed-off-by: Török Edwin <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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Impact: add new (default-off) tracing visualization feature
Usage example:
mount -t debugfs nodev /sys/kernel/debug
cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing
echo userstacktrace >iter_ctrl
echo sched_switch >current_tracer
echo 1 >tracing_enabled
.... run application ...
echo 0 >tracing_enabled
Then read one of 'trace','latency_trace','trace_pipe'.
To get the best output you can compile your userspace programs with
frame pointers (at least glibc + the app you are tracing).
Signed-off-by: Török Edwin <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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include/linux/stacktrace.h:13: warning:
'struct task_struct' declared inside parameter list
(This might be a hard error on sparc64, which uses this header and has
-Werror)
Reported-by: "Randy.Dunlap" <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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LatencyTOP kernel infrastructure; it measures latencies in the
scheduler and tracks it system wide and per process.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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The print_stack_trace macro in stacktrace.h has a wrong number of
arguments, fix it.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Simplify the stacktrace code:
- remove the unused task argument to save_stack_trace, it's always
current
- remove the all_contexts flag, it's alwasy 0
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Cc: Paul Mundt <[email protected]>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <[email protected]>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <[email protected]>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <[email protected]>
Cc: Andi Kleen <[email protected]>
Cc: Akinobu Mita <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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- Remove unused all_contexts parameter
No caller used it
- Move skip argument into the structure (needed for
followon patches)
Cc: [email protected]
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <[email protected]>
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Framework to generate and save stacktraces quickly, without printing anything
to the console.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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