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The kernel doesn't boot with both PROFILE_ANNOTATED_BRANCHES=y and KASAN=y
options selected. With branch profiling enabled we end up calling
ftrace_likely_update() before kasan_early_init(). ftrace_likely_update() is
built with KASAN instrumentation, so calling it before kasan has been
initialized leads to crash.
Use DISABLE_BRANCH_PROFILING define to make sure that we don't call
ftrace_likely_update() from early code before kasan_early_init().
Fixes: ef7f0d6a6ca8 ("x86_64: add KASan support")
Reported-by: Fengguang Wu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
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In line with asm/e820/types.h, move the e820 API declarations to
asm/e820/api.h and update all usage sites.
This is just a mechanical, obviously correct move & replace patch,
there will be subsequent changes to clean up the code and to make
better use of the new header organization.
Cc: Alex Thorlton <[email protected]>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Cc: Brian Gerst <[email protected]>
Cc: Dan Williams <[email protected]>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <[email protected]>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
Cc: Huang, Ying <[email protected]>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <[email protected]>
Cc: Juergen Gross <[email protected]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Cc: Paul Jackson <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <[email protected]>
Cc: Tejun Heo <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc: Wei Yang <[email protected]>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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reserve_bios_regions() is a quirk that reserves memory that we might
otherwise think is available. There's no need to run it so early,
and running it before we have the memory map initialized with its
non-quirky inputs makes it hard to make reserve_bios_regions() more
intelligent.
Move it right after we populate the memblock state.
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Cc: Brian Gerst <[email protected]>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <[email protected]>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <[email protected]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Cc: Mario Limonciello <[email protected]>
Cc: Matt Fleming <[email protected]>
Cc: Matthew Garrett <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/59f58618911005c799c6c9979ce6ae4881d907c2.1470821230.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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So the reserve_ebda_region() code has accumulated a number of
problems over the years that make it really difficult to read
and understand:
- The calculation of 'lowmem' and 'ebda_addr' is an unnecessarily
interleaved mess of first lowmem, then ebda_addr, then lowmem tweaks...
- 'lowmem' here means 'super low mem' - i.e. 16-bit addressable memory. In other
parts of the x86 code 'lowmem' means 32-bit addressable memory... This makes it
super confusing to read.
- It does not help at all that we have various memory range markers, half of which
are 'start of range', half of which are 'end of range' - but this crucial
property is not obvious in the naming at all ... gave me a headache trying to
understand all this.
- Also, the 'ebda_addr' name sucks: it highlights that it's an address (which is
obvious, all values here are addresses!), while it does not highlight that it's
the _start_ of the EBDA region ...
- 'BIOS_LOWMEM_KILOBYTES' says a lot of things, except that this is the only value
that is a pointer to a value, not a memory range address!
- The function name itself is a misnomer: it says 'reserve_ebda_region()' while
its main purpose is to reserve all the firmware ROM typically between 640K and
1MB, while the 'EBDA' part is only a small part of that ...
- Likewise, the paravirt quirk flag name 'ebda_search' is misleading as well: this
too should be about whether to reserve firmware areas in the paravirt case.
- In fact thinking about this as 'end of RAM' is confusing: what this function
*really* wants to reserve is firmware data and code areas! Once the thinking is
inverted from a mixed 'ram' and 'reserved firmware area' notion to a pure
'reserved area' notion everything becomes a lot clearer.
To improve all this rewrite the whole code (without changing the logic):
- Firstly invert the naming from 'lowmem end' to 'BIOS reserved area start'
and propagate this concept through all the variable names and constants.
BIOS_RAM_SIZE_KB_PTR // was: BIOS_LOWMEM_KILOBYTES
BIOS_START_MIN // was: INSANE_CUTOFF
ebda_start // was: ebda_addr
bios_start // was: lowmem
BIOS_START_MAX // was: LOWMEM_CAP
- Then clean up the name of the function itself by renaming it
to reserve_bios_regions() and renaming the ::ebda_search paravirt
flag to ::reserve_bios_regions.
- Fix up all the comments (fix typos), harmonize and simplify their
formulation and remove comments that become unnecessary due to
the much better naming all around.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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We have 4 types of x86 platforms that disable RTC:
* Intel MID
* Lguest - uses paravirt
* Xen dom-U - uses paravirt
* x86 on legacy systems annotated with an ACPI legacy flag
We can consolidate all of these into a platform specific legacy
quirk set early in boot through i386_start_kernel() and through
x86_64_start_reservations(). This deals with the RTC quirks which
we can rely on through the hardware subarch, the ACPI check can
be dealt with separately.
For Xen things are bit more complex given that the @X86_SUBARCH_XEN
x86_hardware_subarch is shared on for Xen which uses the PV path for
both domU and dom0. Since the semantics for differentiating between
the two are Xen specific we provide a platform helper to help override
default legacy features -- x86_platform.set_legacy_features(). Use
of this helper is highly discouraged, its only purpose should be
to account for the lack of semantics available within your given
x86_hardware_subarch.
As per 0-day, this bumps the vmlinux size using i386-tinyconfig as
follows:
TOTAL TEXT init.text x86_early_init_platform_quirks()
+70 +62 +62 +43
Only 8 bytes overhead total, as the main increase in size is
all removed via __init.
Suggested-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Luis R. Rodriguez <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Juergen Gross <[email protected]>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Cc: Brian Gerst <[email protected]>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <[email protected]>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Cc: [email protected]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 boot updates from Ingo Molnar:
"Early command line options parsing enhancements from Dave Hansen, plus
minor cleanups and enhancements"
* 'x86-boot-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/boot: Remove unused 'is_big_kernel' variable
x86/boot: Use proper array element type in memset() size calculation
x86/boot: Pass in size to early cmdline parsing
x86/boot: Simplify early command line parsing
x86/boot: Fix early command-line parsing when partial word matches
x86/boot: Fix early command-line parsing when matching at end
x86/boot: Simplify kernel load address alignment check
x86/boot: Micro-optimize reset_early_page_tables()
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I changed open coded zeroing loops to explicit memset()s in the
following commit:
5e9ebbd87a99 ("x86/boot: Micro-optimize reset_early_page_tables()")
The base for the size argument of memset was sizeof(pud_p/pmd_p), which
are pointers - but the initialized array has pud_t/pmd_t elements.
Luckily the two types had the same size, so this did not result in any
runtime misbehavior.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexander Popov <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <[email protected]>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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Save 25 bytes of code and make the bootup a tiny bit faster:
text data bss dec filename
9735144 4970776 15474688 30180608 vmlinux.old
9735119 4970776 15474688 30180583 vmlinux
Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexander Popov <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <[email protected]>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
[ Fixed various small details. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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Intel Tangier SoC is known to have 64-bit dual core CPU. Enable
64-bit build for it.
The kernel has been tested on Intel Edison board:
Linux buildroot 4.4.0-next-20160115+ #25 SMP Fri Jan 15 22:03:19 EET 2016 x86_64 GNU/Linux
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 74
model name : Genuine Intel(R) CPU 4000 @ 500MHz
stepping : 8
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <[email protected]>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Cc: Brian Gerst <[email protected]>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <[email protected]>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Cc: Mika Westerberg <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1452888668-147116-1-git-send-email-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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Currently KASAN shadow region page tables created without
respect of physical offset (phys_base). This causes kernel halt
when phys_base is not zero.
So let's initialize KASAN shadow region page tables in
kasan_early_init() using __pa_nodebug() which considers
phys_base.
This patch also separates x86_64_start_kernel() from KASAN low
level details by moving kasan_map_early_shadow(init_level4_pgt)
into kasan_early_init().
Remove the comment before clear_bss() which stopped bringing
much profit to the code readability. Otherwise describing all
the new order dependencies would be too verbose.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Popov <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <[email protected]>
Cc: <[email protected]> # 4.0+
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrey Konovalov <[email protected]>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <[email protected]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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Currently x86_64_start_kernel() has two KASAN related
function calls. The first call maps shadow to early_level4_pgt,
the second maps shadow to init_level4_pgt.
If we move clear_page(init_level4_pgt) earlier, we could hide
KASAN low level detail from generic x86_64 initialization code.
The next patch will do it.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <[email protected]>
Cc: <[email protected]> # 4.0+
Cc: Alexander Popov <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrey Konovalov <[email protected]>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <[email protected]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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The early_idt_handlers asm code generates an array of entry
points spaced nine bytes apart. It's not really clear from that
code or from the places that reference it what's going on, and
the code only works in the first place because GAS never
generates two-byte JMP instructions when jumping to global
labels.
Clean up the code to generate the correct array stride (member size)
explicitly. This should be considerably more robust against
screw-ups, as GAS will warn if a .fill directive has a negative
count. Using '. =' to advance would have been even more robust
(it would generate an actual error if it tried to move
backwards), but it would pad with nulls, confusing anyone who
tries to disassemble the code. The new scheme should be much
clearer to future readers.
While we're at it, improve the comments and rename the array and
common code.
Binutils may start relaxing jumps to non-weak labels. If so,
this change will fix our build, and we may need to backport this
change.
Before, on x86_64:
0000000000000000 <early_idt_handlers>:
0: 6a 00 pushq $0x0
2: 6a 00 pushq $0x0
4: e9 00 00 00 00 jmpq 9 <early_idt_handlers+0x9>
5: R_X86_64_PC32 early_idt_handler-0x4
...
48: 66 90 xchg %ax,%ax
4a: 6a 08 pushq $0x8
4c: e9 00 00 00 00 jmpq 51 <early_idt_handlers+0x51>
4d: R_X86_64_PC32 early_idt_handler-0x4
...
117: 6a 00 pushq $0x0
119: 6a 1f pushq $0x1f
11b: e9 00 00 00 00 jmpq 120 <early_idt_handler>
11c: R_X86_64_PC32 early_idt_handler-0x4
After:
0000000000000000 <early_idt_handler_array>:
0: 6a 00 pushq $0x0
2: 6a 00 pushq $0x0
4: e9 14 01 00 00 jmpq 11d <early_idt_handler_common>
...
48: 6a 08 pushq $0x8
4a: e9 d1 00 00 00 jmpq 120 <early_idt_handler_common>
4f: cc int3
50: cc int3
...
117: 6a 00 pushq $0x0
119: 6a 1f pushq $0x1f
11b: eb 03 jmp 120 <early_idt_handler_common>
11d: cc int3
11e: cc int3
11f: cc int3
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
Cc: Binutils <[email protected]>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Cc: H.J. Lu <[email protected]>
Cc: Jan Beulich <[email protected]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc: <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/ac027962af343b0c599cbfcf50b945ad2ef3d7a8.1432336324.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 boot changes from Ingo Molnar:
"A number of cleanups"
* 'x86-boot-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/boot: Standardize strcmp()
x86/boot/64: Remove pointless early_printk() message
x86/boot/video: Move the 'video_segment' variable to video.c
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earlyprintk is not initialised yet by the setup_early_printk() function
so we can remove it.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Kuleshov <[email protected]>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 perf updates from Ingo Molnar:
"This series tightens up RDPMC permissions: currently even highly
sandboxed x86 execution environments (such as seccomp) have permission
to execute RDPMC, which may leak various perf events / PMU state such
as timing information and other CPU execution details.
This 'all is allowed' RDPMC mode is still preserved as the
(non-default) /sys/devices/cpu/rdpmc=2 setting. The new default is
that RDPMC access is only allowed if a perf event is mmap-ed (which is
needed to correctly interpret RDPMC counter values in any case).
As a side effect of these changes CR4 handling is cleaned up in the
x86 code and a shadow copy of the CR4 value is added.
The extra CR4 manipulation adds ~ <50ns to the context switch cost
between rdpmc-capable and rdpmc-non-capable mms"
* 'perf-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
perf/x86: Add /sys/devices/cpu/rdpmc=2 to allow rdpmc for all tasks
perf/x86: Only allow rdpmc if a perf_event is mapped
perf: Pass the event to arch_perf_update_userpage()
perf: Add pmu callbacks to track event mapping and unmapping
x86: Add a comment clarifying LDT context switching
x86: Store a per-cpu shadow copy of CR4
x86: Clean up cr4 manipulation
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This patch adds arch specific code for kernel address sanitizer.
16TB of virtual addressed used for shadow memory. It's located in range
[ffffec0000000000 - fffffc0000000000] between vmemmap and %esp fixup
stacks.
At early stage we map whole shadow region with zero page. Latter, after
pages mapped to direct mapping address range we unmap zero pages from
corresponding shadow (see kasan_map_shadow()) and allocate and map a real
shadow memory reusing vmemmap_populate() function.
Also replace __pa with __pa_nodebug before shadow initialized. __pa with
CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL=y make external function call (__phys_addr)
__phys_addr is instrumented, so __asan_load could be called before shadow
area initialized.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <[email protected]>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <[email protected]>
Cc: Konstantin Serebryany <[email protected]>
Cc: Dmitry Chernenkov <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <[email protected]>
Cc: Yuri Gribov <[email protected]>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <[email protected]>
Cc: Sasha Levin <[email protected]>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <[email protected]>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]>
Cc: Dave Hansen <[email protected]>
Cc: Andi Kleen <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <[email protected]>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <[email protected]>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <[email protected]>
Cc: David Rientjes <[email protected]>
Cc: Jim Davis <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Context switches and TLB flushes can change individual bits of CR4.
CR4 reads take several cycles, so store a shadow copy of CR4 in a
per-cpu variable.
To avoid wasting a cache line, I added the CR4 shadow to
cpu_tlbstate, which is already touched in switch_mm. The heaviest
users of the cr4 shadow will be switch_mm and __switch_to_xtra, and
__switch_to_xtra is called shortly after switch_mm during context
switch, so the cacheline is likely to be hot.
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <[email protected]>
Cc: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <[email protected]>
Cc: Vince Weaver <[email protected]>
Cc: "hillf.zj" <[email protected]>
Cc: Valdis Kletnieks <[email protected]>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <[email protected]>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <[email protected]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/3a54dd3353fffbf84804398e00dfdc5b7c1afd7d.1414190806.git.luto@amacapital.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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... instead of naked numbers.
Stuff in sysrq.c used to set it to 8 which is supposed to mean above
default level so set it to DEBUG instead as we're terminating/killing all
tasks and we want to be verbose there.
Also, correct the check in x86_64_start_kernel which should be >= as
we're clearly issuing the string there for all debug levels, not only
the magical 10.
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Cc: Joe Perches <[email protected]>
Cc: Valdis Kletnieks <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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As requested by Linus add explicit __visible to the asmlinkage users.
This marks all functions visible to assembler.
Tree sweep for arch/x86/*
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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This patch registers exception handlers for tracing to a trace IDT.
To implemented it in set_intr_gate(), this patch does followings.
- Register the exception handlers to
the trace IDT by prepending "trace_" to the handler's names.
- Also, newly introduce trace_page_fault() to add tracepoints
in a subsequent patch.
Signed-off-by: Seiji Aguchi <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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Obviously these functions have to be visible, otherwise
the whole kernel could be optimized away.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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In commit 78d77df71510 ("x86-64, init: Do not set NX bits on non-NX
capable hardware") we added the early_pmd_flags that gets the NX bit set
when a CPU supports NX. However, the new variable was marked __initdata,
because the main _use_ of this is in an __init routine.
However, the bit setting happens from secondary_startup_64(), which is
called not only at bootup, but on every secondary CPU start. Including
resuming from STR and at CPU hotplug time. So the value cannot be
__initdata.
Reported-bisected-and-tested-by: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected] # v3.9
Acked-by: Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
Cc: Fernando Luis Vázquez Cao <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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During early init, we would incorrectly set the NX bit even if the NX
feature was not supported. Instead, only set this bit if NX is
actually available and enabled. We already do very early detection of
the NX bit to enable it in EFER, this simply extends this detection to
the early page table mask.
Reported-by: Fernando Luis Vázquez Cao <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1367476850.5660.2.camel@nexus
Cc: <[email protected]> v3.9
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We have KERNEL_IMAGE_START and __START_KERNEL_map which both contain the
start of the kernel text mapping's virtual address. Remove the prior one
which has been replicated a lot less times around the tree.
No functionality change.
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 microcode loading update from Peter Anvin:
"This patchset lets us update the CPU microcode very, very early in
initialization if the BIOS fails to do so (never happens, right?)
This is handy for dealing with things like the Atom erratum where we
have to run without PSE because microcode loading happens too late.
As I mentioned in the x86/mm push request it depends on that
infrastructure but it is otherwise a standalone feature."
* 'x86/microcode' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/Kconfig: Make early microcode loading a configuration feature
x86/mm/init.c: Copy ucode from initrd image to kernel memory
x86/head64.c: Early update ucode in 64-bit
x86/head_32.S: Early update ucode in 32-bit
x86/microcode_intel_early.c: Early update ucode on Intel's CPU
x86/tlbflush.h: Define __native_flush_tlb_global_irq_disabled()
x86/microcode_intel_lib.c: Early update ucode on Intel's CPU
x86/microcode_core_early.c: Define interfaces for early loading ucode
x86/common.c: load ucode in 64 bit or show loading ucode info in 32 bit on AP
x86/common.c: Make have_cpuid_p() a global function
x86/microcode_intel.h: Define functions and macros for early loading ucode
x86, doc: Documentation for early microcode loading
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The code requires the use of the proper per-exception-vector stub
functions (set up as the early_idt_handlers[] array - note the 's') that
make sure to set up the error vector number. This is true regardless of
whether CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK is set or not.
Why? The stack offset for the comparison of __KERNEL_CS won't be right
otherwise, nor will the new check (from commit 8170e6bed465: "x86,
64bit: Use a #PF handler to materialize early mappings on demand") for
the page fault exception vector.
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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This updates ucode on BSP in 64-bit mode. Paging and virtual address are
working now.
Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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They are the same, and we could move them out from head32/64.c to setup.c.
We are using memblock, and it could handle overlapping properly, so
we don't need to reserve some at first to hold the location, and just
need to make sure we reserve them before we are using memblock to find
free mem to use.
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Cc: Alexander Duyck <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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xloadflags bit 1 indicates that we can load the kernel and all data
structures above 4G; it is set if kernel is relocatable and 64bit.
bootloader will check if xloadflags bit 1 is set to decide if
it could load ramdisk and kernel high above 4G.
bootloader will fill value to ext_ramdisk_image/size for high 32bits
when it load ramdisk above 4G.
kernel use get_ramdisk_image/size to use ext_ramdisk_image/size to get
right positon for ramdisk.
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Cc: Rob Landley <[email protected]>
Cc: Matt Fleming <[email protected]>
Cc: Gokul Caushik <[email protected]>
Cc: Josh Triplett <[email protected]>
Cc: Joe Millenbach <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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Add an accessor function for the command line address.
Later we will add support for holding a 64-bit address via ext_cmd_line_ptr.
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Cc: Gokul Caushik <[email protected]>
Cc: Josh Triplett <[email protected]>
Cc: Joe Millenbach <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexander Duyck <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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They are the same, could move them out from head32/64.c to setup.c.
We are using memblock, and it could handle overlapping properly, so
we don't need to reserve some at first to hold the location, and just
need to make sure we reserve them before we are using memblock to find
free mem to use.
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Reviewed-by: Pekka Enberg <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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We are not having max_pfn_mapped set correctly until init_memory_mapping.
So don't print its initial value for 64bit
Also need to use KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE directly for highmap cleanup.
-v2: update comments about max_pfn_mapped according to Stefano Stabellini.
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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We only map a single 2 MiB page per #PF, even though we should be able
to do this a full gigabyte at a time with no additional memory cost.
This is a workaround for a broken AMD reference BIOS (and its
derivatives in shipping system) which maps a large chunk of memory as
WB in the MTRR system but will #MC if the processor wanders off and
tries to prefetch that memory, which can happen any time the memory is
mapped in the TLB.
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Cc: Alexander Duyck <[email protected]>
[ hpa: rewrote the patch description ]
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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Linear mode (CR0.PG = 0) is mutually exclusive with 64-bit mode; all
64-bit code has to use page tables. This makes it awkward before we
have first set up properly all-covering page tables to access objects
that are outside the static kernel range.
So far we have dealt with that simply by mapping a fixed amount of
low memory, but that fails in at least two upcoming use cases:
1. We will support load and run kernel, struct boot_params, ramdisk,
command line, etc. above the 4 GiB mark.
2. need to access ramdisk early to get microcode to update that as
early possible.
We could use early_iomap to access them too, but it will make code to
messy and hard to be unified with 32 bit.
Hence, set up a #PF table and use a fixed number of buffers to set up
page tables on demand. If the buffers fill up then we simply flush
them and start over. These buffers are all in __initdata, so it does
not increase RAM usage at runtime.
Thus, with the help of the #PF handler, we can set the final kernel
mapping from blank, and switch to init_level4_pgt later.
During the switchover in head_64.S, before #PF handler is available,
we use three pages to handle kernel crossing 1G, 512G boundaries with
sharing page by playing games with page aliasing: the same page is
mapped twice in the higher-level tables with appropriate wraparound.
The kernel region itself will be properly mapped; other mappings may
be spurious.
early_make_pgtable is using kernel high mapping address to access pages
to set page table.
-v4: Add phys_base offset to make kexec happy, and add
init_mapping_kernel() - Yinghai
-v5: fix compiling with xen, and add back ident level3 and level2 for xen
also move back init_level4_pgt from BSS to DATA again.
because we have to clear it anyway. - Yinghai
-v6: switch to init_level4_pgt in init_mem_mapping. - Yinghai
-v7: remove not needed clear_page for init_level4_page
it is with fill 512,8,0 already in head_64.S - Yinghai
-v8: we need to keep that handler alive until init_mem_mapping and don't
let early_trap_init to trash that early #PF handler.
So split early_trap_pf_init out and move it down. - Yinghai
-v9: switchover only cover kernel space instead of 1G so could avoid
touch possible mem holes. - Yinghai
-v11: change far jmp back to far return to initial_code, that is needed
to fix failure that is reported by Konrad on AMD systems. - Yinghai
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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We want to support struct boot_params (formerly known as the
zero-page, or real-mode data) above the 4 GiB mark. We will have #PF
handler to set page table for not accessible ram early, but want to
limit it before x86_64_start_reservations to limit the code change to
native path only.
Also we will need the ramdisk info in struct boot_params to access the microcode
blob in ramdisk in x86_64_start_kernel, so copy struct boot_params early makes
it accessing ramdisk info simple.
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Cc: Alexander Duyck <[email protected]>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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Use the new sentinel field to detect bootloaders which fail to follow
protocol and don't initialize fields in struct boot_params that they
do not explicitly initialize to zero.
Based on an original patch and research by Yinghai Lu.
Changed by hpa to be invoked both in the decompression path and in the
kernel proper; the latter for the case where a bootloader takes over
decompression.
Originally-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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Migrated ACPI wakeup code to the real-mode blob.
Code existing in .x86_trampoline can be completely
removed. Static descriptor table in wakeup_asm.S is
courtesy of H. Peter Anvin.
Signed-off-by: Jarkko Sakkinen <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <[email protected]>
Cc: Len Brown <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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memblock_init() initializes arrays for regions and memblock itself;
however, all these can be done with struct initializers and
memblock_init() can be removed. This patch kills memblock_init() and
initializes memblock with struct initializer.
The only difference is that the first dummy entries don't have .nid
set to MAX_NUMNODES initially. This doesn't cause any behavior
difference.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <[email protected]>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <[email protected]>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Cc: Russell King <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Simek <[email protected]>
Cc: Paul Mundt <[email protected]>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <[email protected]>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <[email protected]>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <[email protected]>
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Other than sanity check and debug message, the x86 specific version of
memblock reserve/free functions are simple wrappers around the generic
versions - memblock_reserve/free().
This patch adds debug messages with caller identification to the
generic versions and replaces x86 specific ones and kills them.
arch/x86/include/asm/memblock.h and arch/x86/mm/memblock.c are empty
after this change and removed.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Cc: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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Now cleanup_highmap actually is in two steps: one is early in head64.c
and only clears above _end; a second one is in init_memory_mapping() and
tries to clean from _brk_end to _end.
It should check if those boundaries are PMD_SIZE aligned but currently
does not.
Also init_memory_mapping() is called several times for numa or memory
hotplug, so we really should not handle initial kernel mappings there.
This patch moves cleanup_highmap() down after _brk_end is settled so
we can do everything in one step.
Also we honor max_pfn_mapped in the implementation of cleanup_highmap.
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Stabellini <[email protected]>
LKML-Reference: <alpine.DEB.2.00.1103171739050.3382@kaball-desktop>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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head_64.S maps up to 512 MiB, but that is not necessarity true for
other entry paths, such as Xen.
Thus, co-locate the setting of max_pfn_mapped with the code to
actually set up the page tables in head_64.S. The 32-bit code is
already so co-located. (The Xen code already sets max_pfn_mapped
correctly for its own use case.)
-v2:
Yinghai fixed the following bug in this patch:
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| max_pfn_mapped is in .bss section, so we need to set that
| after bss get cleared. Without that we crash on bootup.
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| That is safe because Xen does not call x86_64_start_kernel().
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Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <[email protected]>
Fixed-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
LKML-Reference: <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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1.include linux/memblock.h directly. so later could reduce e820.h reference.
2 this patch is done by sed scripts mainly
-v2: use MEMBLOCK_ERROR instead of -1ULL or -1UL
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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1. replace find_e820_area with memblock_find_in_range
2. replace reserve_early with memblock_x86_reserve_range
3. replace free_early with memblock_x86_free_range.
4. NO_BOOTMEM will switch to use memblock too.
5. use _e820, _early wrap in the patch, in following patch, will
replace them all
6. because memblock_x86_free_range support partial free, we can remove some special care
7. Need to make sure that memblock_find_in_range() is called after memblock_x86_fill()
so adjust some calling later in setup.c::setup_arch()
-- corruption_check and mptable_update
-v2: Move reserve_brk() early
Before fill_memblock_area, to avoid overlap between brk and memblock_find_in_range()
that could happen We have more then 128 RAM entry in E820 tables, and
memblock_x86_fill() could use memblock_find_in_range() to find a new place for
memblock.memory.region array.
and We don't need to use extend_brk() after fill_memblock_area()
So move reserve_brk() early before fill_memblock_area().
-v3: Move find_smp_config early
To make sure memblock_find_in_range not find wrong place, if BIOS doesn't put mptable
in right place.
-v4: Treat RESERVED_KERN as RAM in memblock.memory. and they are already in
memblock.reserved already..
use __NOT_KEEP_MEMBLOCK to make sure memblock related code could be freed later.
-v5: Generic version __memblock_find_in_range() is going from high to low, and for 32bit
active_region for 32bit does include high pages
need to replace the limit with memblock.default_alloc_limit, aka get_max_mapped()
-v6: Use current_limit instead
-v7: check with MEMBLOCK_ERROR instead of -1ULL or -1L
-v8: Set memblock_can_resize early to handle EFI with more RAM entries
-v9: update after kmemleak changes in mainline
Suggested-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
Suggested-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <[email protected]>
Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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When CONFIG_NO_BOOTMEM=y, it could use memory more effiently, or
in a more compact fashion.
Example:
Allocated new RAMDISK: 00ec2000 - 0248ce57
Move RAMDISK from 000000002ea04000 - 000000002ffcee56 to 00ec2000 - 0248ce56
The new RAMDISK's end is not page aligned.
Last page could be shared with other users.
When free_init_pages are called for initrd or .init, the page
could be freed and we could corrupt other data.
code segment in free_init_pages():
| for (; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
| ClearPageReserved(virt_to_page(addr));
| init_page_count(virt_to_page(addr));
| memset((void *)(addr & ~(PAGE_SIZE-1)),
| POISON_FREE_INITMEM, PAGE_SIZE);
| free_page(addr);
| totalram_pages++;
| }
last half page could be used as one whole free page.
So page align the boundaries.
-v2: make the original initramdisk to be aligned, according to
Johannes, otherwise we have the chance to lose one page.
we still need to keep initrd_end not aligned, otherwise it could
confuse decompressor.
-v3: change to WARN_ON instead, suggested by Johannes.
-v4: use PAGE_ALIGN, suggested by Johannes.
We may fix that macro name later to PAGE_ALIGN_UP, and PAGE_ALIGN_DOWN
Add comments about assuming ramdisk start is aligned
in relocate_initrd(), change to re get ramdisk_image instead of save it
to make diff smaller. Add warning for wrong range, suggested by Johannes.
-v6: remove one WARN()
We need to align beginning in free_init_pages()
do not copy more than ramdisk_size, noticed by Johannes
Reported-by: Stanislaw Gruszka <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Stanislaw Gruszka <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
Cc: David Miller <[email protected]>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <[email protected]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
LKML-Reference: <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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Jens found the following crash/regression:
[ 0.000000] found SMP MP-table at [ffff8800000fdd80] fdd80
[ 0.000000] Kernel panic - not syncing: Overlapping early reservations 12-f011 MP-table mpc to 0-fff BIOS data page
and
[ 0.000000] Kernel panic - not syncing: Overlapping early reservations 12-f011 MP-table mpc to 6000-7fff TRAMPOLINE
and bisected it to b24c2a9 ("x86: Move find_smp_config()
earlier and avoid bootmem usage").
It turns out the BIOS is using the first 64k for mptable,
without reserving it.
So try to find good range for the real-mode trampoline instead of
hard coding it, in case some bios tries to use that range for sth.
Reported-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Jens Axboe <[email protected]>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
LKML-Reference: <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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Platforms like Moorestown require early setup and want to avoid the
call to reserve_ebda_region. The x86_init override is too late when
the MRST detection happens in setup_arch. Move the default i386
x86_init overrides and the call to reserve_ebda_region into a separate
function which is called as the default of a switch case depending on
the hardware_subarch id in boot params. This allows us to add a case
for MRST and let MRST have its own early setup function.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
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reserve_ebda_region needs to be called befor start_kernel. Moorestown
needs to override it. Make it a x86_init_ops function and initialize
it with the default reserve_ebda_region.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
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Impact: new interface
Add a brk()-like allocator which effectively extends the bss in order
to allow very early code to do dynamic allocations. This is better than
using statically allocated arrays for data in subsystems which may never
get used.
The space for brk allocations is in the bss ELF segment, so that the
space is mapped properly by the code which maps the kernel, and so
that bootloaders keep the space free rather than putting a ramdisk or
something into it.
The bss itself, delimited by __bss_stop, ends before the brk area
(__brk_base to __brk_limit). The kernel text, data and bss is reserved
up to __bss_stop.
Any brk-allocated data is reserved separately just before the kernel
pagetable is built, as that code allocates from unreserved spaces
in the e820 map, potentially allocating from any unused brk memory.
Ultimately any unused memory in the brk area is used in the general
kernel memory pool.
Initially the brk space is set to 1MB, which is probably much larger
than any user needs (the largest current user is i386 head_32.S's code
to build the pagetables to map the kernel, which can get fairly large
with a big kernel image and no PSE support). So long as the system
has sufficient memory for the bootloader to reserve the kernel+1MB brk,
there are no bad effects resulting from an over-large brk.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <[email protected]>
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Impact: cleanup
Copy the code to cpu_init() to satisfy the requirement that the cpu
be reinitialized. Remove all other calls, since the segments are
already initialized in head_64.S.
Signed-off-by: Brian Gerst <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <[email protected]>
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Do the following cleanups:
* kill x86_64_init_pda() which now is equivalent to pda_init()
* use per_cpu_offset() instead of cpu_pda() when initializing
initial_gs
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
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