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Drop the repeated word "and".
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Drop the repeated word "the".
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Drop the repeated word "them" and "that".
Change "the the" to "to the".
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Drop the repeated word "that" in two places.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Drop the repeated word "and".
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Drop the repeated word "to" in two places.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Drop the repeated word "down".
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Drop the repeated word "the" in two places.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Drop the repeated word "pages".
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Drop the repeated word "the".
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Drop the repeated word "a".
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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The macro is not used anywhere, so remove the definition.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Sankar <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <[email protected]>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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The macro is not used anywhere, so remove the definition.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Sankar <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Drop the doubled word "for" in a comment.
Fix spello of "incremented".
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Chris Down <[email protected]>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Drop the doubled word "in" in a comment.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Change the doubled word "is" in a comment to "it is".
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Drop the doubled words "to" and "the".
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: SeongJae Park <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Drop the doubled words "used" and "by".
Drop the repeated acronym "TLB" and make several other fixes around it.
(capital letters, spellos)
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: SeongJae Park <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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When onlining a first memory block in a zone, pcp lists are not updated
thus pcp struct will have the default setting of ->high = 0,->batch = 1.
This means till the second memory block in a zone(if it have) is onlined
the pcp lists of this zone will not contain any pages because pcp's
->count is always greater than ->high thus free_pcppages_bulk() is called
to free batch size(=1) pages every time system wants to add a page to the
pcp list through free_unref_page().
To put this in a word, system is not using benefits offered by the pcp
lists when there is a single onlineable memory block in a zone. Correct
this by always updating the pcp lists when memory block is onlined.
Fixes: 1f522509c77a ("mem-hotplug: avoid multiple zones sharing same boot strapping boot_pageset")
Signed-off-by: Charan Teja Reddy <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: Vinayak Menon <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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When check_memblock_offlined_cb() returns failed rc(e.g. the memblock is
online at that time), mem_hotplug_begin/done is unpaired in such case.
Therefore a warning:
Call Trace:
percpu_up_write+0x33/0x40
try_remove_memory+0x66/0x120
? _cond_resched+0x19/0x30
remove_memory+0x2b/0x40
dev_dax_kmem_remove+0x36/0x72 [kmem]
device_release_driver_internal+0xf0/0x1c0
device_release_driver+0x12/0x20
bus_remove_device+0xe1/0x150
device_del+0x17b/0x3e0
unregister_dev_dax+0x29/0x60
devm_action_release+0x15/0x20
release_nodes+0x19a/0x1e0
devres_release_all+0x3f/0x50
device_release_driver_internal+0x100/0x1c0
driver_detach+0x4c/0x8f
bus_remove_driver+0x5c/0xd0
driver_unregister+0x31/0x50
dax_pmem_exit+0x10/0xfe0 [dax_pmem]
Fixes: f1037ec0cc8a ("mm/memory_hotplug: fix remove_memory() lockdep splat")
Signed-off-by: Jia He <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Dan Williams <[email protected]>
Cc: <[email protected]> [5.6+]
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Cc: Baoquan He <[email protected]>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <[email protected]>
Cc: Chuhong Yuan <[email protected]>
Cc: Dave Hansen <[email protected]>
Cc: Dave Jiang <[email protected]>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <[email protected]>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: Jonathan Cameron <[email protected]>
Cc: Kaly Xin <[email protected]>
Cc: Logan Gunthorpe <[email protected]>
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <[email protected]>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Rich Felker <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc: Tony Luck <[email protected]>
Cc: Vishal Verma <[email protected]>
Cc: Will Deacon <[email protected]>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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This is to introduce a general dummy helper. memory_add_physaddr_to_nid()
is a fallback option to get the nid in case NUMA_NO_NID is detected.
After this patch, arm64/sh/s390 can simply use the general dummy version.
PowerPC/x86/ia64 will still use their specific version.
This is the preparation to set a fallback value for dev_dax->target_node.
Signed-off-by: Jia He <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <[email protected]>
Cc: Dan Williams <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <[email protected]>
Cc: Will Deacon <[email protected]>
Cc: Tony Luck <[email protected]>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <[email protected]>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <[email protected]>
Cc: Rich Felker <[email protected]>
Cc: Dave Hansen <[email protected]>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <[email protected]>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <[email protected]>
Cc: Vishal Verma <[email protected]>
Cc: Dave Jiang <[email protected]>
Cc: Baoquan He <[email protected]>
Cc: Chuhong Yuan <[email protected]>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <[email protected]>
Cc: Logan Gunthorpe <[email protected]>
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <[email protected]>
Cc: Jonathan Cameron <[email protected]>
Cc: Kaly Xin <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Some of our servers spend significant time at kernel boot initializing
memory block sysfs directories and then creating symlinks between them and
the corresponding nodes. The slowness happens because the machines get
stuck with the smallest supported memory block size on x86 (128M), which
results in 16,288 directories to cover the 2T of installed RAM. The
search for each memory block is noticeable even with commit 4fb6eabf1037
("drivers/base/memory.c: cache memory blocks in xarray to accelerate
lookup").
Commit 078eb6aa50dc ("x86/mm/memory_hotplug: determine block size based on
the end of boot memory") chooses the block size based on alignment with
memory end. That addresses hotplug failures in qemu guests, but for bare
metal systems whose memory end isn't aligned to even the smallest size, it
leaves them at 128M.
Make kernels that aren't running on a hypervisor use the largest supported
size (2G) to minimize overhead on big machines. Kernel boot goes 7%
faster on the aforementioned servers, shaving off half a second.
[[email protected]: v3]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Daniel Jordan <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <[email protected]>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Cc: Dave Hansen <[email protected]>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Steven Sistare <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <[email protected]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Fix W=1 compile warnings (invalid kerneldoc):
mm/mmu_notifier.c:187: warning: Function parameter or member 'interval_sub' not described in 'mmu_interval_read_bgin'
mm/mmu_notifier.c:708: warning: Function parameter or member 'subscription' not described in 'mmu_notifier_registr'
mm/mmu_notifier.c:708: warning: Excess function parameter 'mn' description in 'mmu_notifier_register'
mm/mmu_notifier.c:880: warning: Function parameter or member 'subscription' not described in 'mmu_notifier_put'
mm/mmu_notifier.c:880: warning: Excess function parameter 'mn' description in 'mmu_notifier_put'
mm/mmu_notifier.c:982: warning: Function parameter or member 'ops' not described in 'mmu_interval_notifier_insert'
Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Kozlowski <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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The current_gfp_context() converts a number of PF_MEMALLOC_* per-process
flags into the corresponding GFP_* flags for memory allocation. In that
function, current->flags is accessed 3 times. That may lead to duplicated
access of the same memory location.
This is not usually a problem with minimal debug config options on as the
compiler can optimize away the duplicated memory accesses. With most of
the debug config options on, however, that may not be the case. For
example, the x86-64 object size of the __need_fs_reclaim() in a debug
kernel that calls current_gfp_context() was 309 bytes. With this patch
applied, the object size is reduced to 202 bytes. This is a saving of 107
bytes and will probably be slightly faster too.
Use READ_ONCE() to access current->flags to prevent the compiler from
possibly accessing current->flags multiple times.
Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[email protected]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <[email protected]>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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The routine cma_init_reserved_areas is designed to activate all
reserved cma areas. It quits when it first encounters an error.
This can leave some areas in a state where they are reserved but
not activated. There is no feedback to code which performed the
reservation. Attempting to allocate memory from areas in such a
state will result in a BUG.
Modify cma_init_reserved_areas to always attempt to activate all
areas. The called routine, cma_activate_area is responsible for
leaving the area in a valid state. No one is making active use
of returned error codes, so change the routine to void.
How to reproduce: This example uses kernelcore, hugetlb and cma
as an easy way to reproduce. However, this is a more general cma
issue.
Two node x86 VM 16GB total, 8GB per node
Kernel command line parameters, kernelcore=4G hugetlb_cma=8G
Related boot time messages,
hugetlb_cma: reserve 8192 MiB, up to 4096 MiB per node
cma: Reserved 4096 MiB at 0x0000000100000000
hugetlb_cma: reserved 4096 MiB on node 0
cma: Reserved 4096 MiB at 0x0000000300000000
hugetlb_cma: reserved 4096 MiB on node 1
cma: CMA area hugetlb could not be activated
# echo 8 > /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-1048576kB/nr_hugepages
BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000
#PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
#PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
PGD 0 P4D 0
Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP PTI
...
Call Trace:
bitmap_find_next_zero_area_off+0x51/0x90
cma_alloc+0x1a5/0x310
alloc_fresh_huge_page+0x78/0x1a0
alloc_pool_huge_page+0x6f/0xf0
set_max_huge_pages+0x10c/0x250
nr_hugepages_store_common+0x92/0x120
? __kmalloc+0x171/0x270
kernfs_fop_write+0xc1/0x1a0
vfs_write+0xc7/0x1f0
ksys_write+0x5f/0xe0
do_syscall_64+0x4d/0x90
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
Fixes: c64be2bb1c6e ("drivers: add Contiguous Memory Allocator")
Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Roman Gushchin <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Barry Song <[email protected]>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <[email protected]>
Cc: Kyungmin Park <[email protected]>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]>
Cc: <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Once we enable CMA_DEBUGFS, we will get the below errors: directory
'cma-hugetlb' with parent 'cma' already present.
We should have different names for different CMA areas.
Signed-off-by: Barry Song <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Roman Gushchin <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Patch series "mm: fix the names of general cma and hugetlb cma", v2.
The current code of CMA can only work when users pass a const string as
name parameter. we need to fix the way to handle names in CMA. On the
other hand, to avoid name conflicts after enabling CMA_DEBUGFS, each
hugetlb should get a different CMA name.
This patch (of 2):
If users give a name saved in stack, the current code will generate magic
pointer. if users don't give a name(NULL), kasprintf() will always return
NULL as we are at the early stage. that means cma_init_reserved_mem()
will return -ENOMEM if users set name parameter as NULL.
[[email protected]: return cma->name directly in cma_get_name]
Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/1063
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Barry Song <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Mike Kravetz <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Roman Gushchin <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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In some case the cma area could not be activated, but the cma_alloc be
used under this case, then the kernel will crash caused by NULL pointer
dereference.
Add bitmap valid check in cma_alloc to avoid this issue.
Signed-off-by: Jianqun Xu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Add following new vmstat events which will help in validating THP
migration without split. Statistics reported through these new VM events
will help in performance debugging.
1. THP_MIGRATION_SUCCESS
2. THP_MIGRATION_FAILURE
3. THP_MIGRATION_SPLIT
In addition, these new events also update normal page migration statistics
appropriately via PGMIGRATE_SUCCESS and PGMIGRATE_FAILURE. While here,
this updates current trace event 'mm_migrate_pages' to accommodate now
available THP statistics.
[[email protected]: s/hpage_nr_pages/thp_nr_pages/]
[[email protected]: v2]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
[[email protected]: s/thp_nr_pages/hpage_nr_pages/]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Anshuman Khandual <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Zi Yan <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Jordan <[email protected]>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <[email protected]>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <[email protected]>
Cc: Zi Yan <[email protected]>
Cc: John Hubbard <[email protected]>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Since commit 3917c80280c93a7123f ("thp: change CoW semantics for
anon-THP"), the CoW page fault of THP has been rewritten, debug_cow is not
used anymore. So, just remove it.
Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <[email protected]>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Add a migrate_vma_*() self test for mmap(MAP_SHARED) to verify that
!vma_anonymous() ranges won't be migrated.
Signed-off-by: Ralph Campbell <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <[email protected]>
Cc: John Hubbard <[email protected]>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <[email protected]>
Cc: "Bharata B Rao" <[email protected]>
Cc: Shuah Khan <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Patch series "mm/migrate: optimize migrate_vma_setup() for holes".
A simple optimization for migrate_vma_*() when the source vma is not an
anonymous vma and a new test case to exercise it.
This patch (of 2):
When migrating system memory to device private memory, if the source
address range is a valid VMA range and there is no memory or a zero page,
the source PFN array is marked as valid but with no PFN.
This lets the device driver allocate private memory and clear it, then
insert the new device private struct page into the CPU's page tables when
migrate_vma_pages() is called. migrate_vma_pages() only inserts the new
page if the VMA is an anonymous range.
There is no point in telling the device driver to allocate device private
memory and then not migrate the page. Instead, mark the source PFN array
entries as not migrating to avoid this overhead.
[[email protected]: v2]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Ralph Campbell <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <[email protected]>
Cc: John Hubbard <[email protected]>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <[email protected]>
Cc: "Bharata B Rao" <[email protected]>
Cc: Shuah Khan <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Commit c0d0381ade79 ("hugetlbfs: use i_mmap_rwsem for more pmd sharing
synchronization") requires callers of huge_pte_alloc to hold i_mmap_rwsem
in at least read mode. This is because the explicit locking in
huge_pmd_share (called by huge_pte_alloc) was removed. When restructuring
the code, the call to huge_pte_alloc in the else block at the beginning of
hugetlb_fault was missed.
Unfortunately, that else clause is exercised when there is no page table
entry. This will likely lead to a call to huge_pmd_share. If
huge_pmd_share thinks pmd sharing is possible, it will traverse the
mapping tree (i_mmap) without holding i_mmap_rwsem. If someone else is
modifying the tree, bad things such as addressing exceptions or worse
could happen.
Simply remove the else clause. It should have been removed previously.
The code following the else will call huge_pte_alloc with the appropriate
locking.
To prevent this type of issue in the future, add routines to assert that
i_mmap_rwsem is held, and call these routines in huge pmd sharing
routines.
Fixes: c0d0381ade79 ("hugetlbfs: use i_mmap_rwsem for more pmd sharing synchronization")
Suggested-by: Matthew Wilcox <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <[email protected]>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <[email protected]>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <[email protected]>
Cc: "Kirill A.Shutemov" <[email protected]>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <[email protected]>
Cc: Prakash Sangappa <[email protected]>
Cc: <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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syzbot found issues with having hugetlbfs on a union/overlay as reported
in [1]. Due to the limitations (no write) and special functionality of
hugetlbfs, it does not work well in filesystem stacking. There are no
know use cases for hugetlbfs stacking. Rather than making modifications
to get hugetlbfs working in such environments, simply prevent stacking.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/[email protected]/
Reported-by: [email protected]
Suggested-by: Amir Goldstein <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Miklos Szeredi <[email protected]>
Cc: Al Viro <[email protected]>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <[email protected]>
Cc: Colin Walters <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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When the OOM killer finds a victim and tryies to kill it, if the victim is
already exiting, the task mm will be NULL and no process will be killed.
But the dump_header() has been already executed, so it will be strange to
dump so much information without killing a process. We'd better show some
helpful information to indicate why this happens.
Suggested-by: David Rientjes <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Yafang Shao <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <[email protected]>
Cc: Qian Cai <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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The exported value includes oom_score_adj so the range is no [0, 1000] as
described in the previous section but rather [0, 2000]. Mention that fact
explicitly.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <[email protected]>
Cc: David Rientjes <[email protected]>
Cc: Yafang Shao <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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There are at least two notes in the oom section. The 3% discount for root
processes is gone since d46078b28889 ("mm, oom: remove 3% bonus for
CAP_SYS_ADMIN processes").
Likewise children of the selected oom victim are not sacrificed since
bbbe48029720 ("mm, oom: remove 'prefer children over parent' heuristic")
Drop both of them.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <[email protected]>
Cc: David Rientjes <[email protected]>
Cc: Yafang Shao <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Recently we found an issue on our production environment that when memcg
oom is triggered the oom killer doesn't chose the process with largest
resident memory but chose the first scanned process. Note that all
processes in this memcg have the same oom_score_adj, so the oom killer
should chose the process with largest resident memory.
Bellow is part of the oom info, which is enough to analyze this issue.
[7516987.983223] memory: usage 16777216kB, limit 16777216kB, failcnt 52843037
[7516987.983224] memory+swap: usage 16777216kB, limit 9007199254740988kB, failcnt 0
[7516987.983225] kmem: usage 301464kB, limit 9007199254740988kB, failcnt 0
[...]
[7516987.983293] [ pid ] uid tgid total_vm rss pgtables_bytes swapents oom_score_adj name
[7516987.983510] [ 5740] 0 5740 257 1 32768 0 -998 pause
[7516987.983574] [58804] 0 58804 4594 771 81920 0 -998 entry_point.bas
[7516987.983577] [58908] 0 58908 7089 689 98304 0 -998 cron
[7516987.983580] [58910] 0 58910 16235 5576 163840 0 -998 supervisord
[7516987.983590] [59620] 0 59620 18074 1395 188416 0 -998 sshd
[7516987.983594] [59622] 0 59622 18680 6679 188416 0 -998 python
[7516987.983598] [59624] 0 59624 1859266 5161 548864 0 -998 odin-agent
[7516987.983600] [59625] 0 59625 707223 9248 983040 0 -998 filebeat
[7516987.983604] [59627] 0 59627 416433 64239 774144 0 -998 odin-log-agent
[7516987.983607] [59631] 0 59631 180671 15012 385024 0 -998 python3
[7516987.983612] [61396] 0 61396 791287 3189 352256 0 -998 client
[7516987.983615] [61641] 0 61641 1844642 29089 946176 0 -998 client
[7516987.983765] [ 9236] 0 9236 2642 467 53248 0 -998 php_scanner
[7516987.983911] [42898] 0 42898 15543 838 167936 0 -998 su
[7516987.983915] [42900] 1000 42900 3673 867 77824 0 -998 exec_script_vr2
[7516987.983918] [42925] 1000 42925 36475 19033 335872 0 -998 python
[7516987.983921] [57146] 1000 57146 3673 848 73728 0 -998 exec_script_J2p
[7516987.983925] [57195] 1000 57195 186359 22958 491520 0 -998 python2
[7516987.983928] [58376] 1000 58376 275764 14402 290816 0 -998 rosmaster
[7516987.983931] [58395] 1000 58395 155166 4449 245760 0 -998 rosout
[7516987.983935] [58406] 1000 58406 18285584 3967322 37101568 0 -998 data_sim
[7516987.984221] oom-kill:constraint=CONSTRAINT_MEMCG,nodemask=(null),cpuset=3aa16c9482ae3a6f6b78bda68a55d32c87c99b985e0f11331cddf05af6c4d753,mems_allowed=0-1,oom_memcg=/kubepods/podf1c273d3-9b36-11ea-b3df-246e9693c184,task_memcg=/kubepods/podf1c273d3-9b36-11ea-b3df-246e9693c184/1f246a3eeea8f70bf91141eeaf1805346a666e225f823906485ea0b6c37dfc3d,task=pause,pid=5740,uid=0
[7516987.984254] Memory cgroup out of memory: Killed process 5740 (pause) total-vm:1028kB, anon-rss:4kB, file-rss:0kB, shmem-rss:0kB
[7516988.092344] oom_reaper: reaped process 5740 (pause), now anon-rss:0kB, file-rss:0kB, shmem-rss:0kB
We can find that the first scanned process 5740 (pause) was killed, but
its rss is only one page. That is because, when we calculate the oom
badness in oom_badness(), we always ignore the negtive point and convert
all of these negtive points to 1. Now as oom_score_adj of all the
processes in this targeted memcg have the same value -998, the points of
these processes are all negtive value. As a result, the first scanned
process will be killed.
The oom_socre_adj (-998) in this memcg is set by kubelet, because it is a
a Guaranteed pod, which has higher priority to prevent from being killed
by system oom.
To fix this issue, we should make the calculation of oom point more
accurate. We can achieve it by convert the chosen_point from 'unsigned
long' to 'long'.
[[email protected]: reported a issue in the previous version]
[[email protected]: fixed the issue reported by Cai]
[[email protected]: add the comment in proc_oom_score()]
[[email protected]: v3]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Yafang Shao <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Naresh Kamboju <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: David Rientjes <[email protected]>
Cc: Qian Cai <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Change "interlave" to "interleave".
Signed-off-by: Yanfei Xu <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Previous implementatoin calls untagged_addr() before error check, while if
the error check failed and return EINVAL, the untagged_addr() call is just
useless work.
Signed-off-by: Wenchao Hao <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Fix W=1 compile warnings (invalid kerneldoc):
mm/mempolicy.c:137: warning: Function parameter or member 'node' not described in 'numa_map_to_online_node'
mm/mempolicy.c:137: warning: Excess function parameter 'nid' description in 'numa_map_to_online_node'
Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Kozlowski <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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There is no compact_defer_limit. It should be compact_defer_shift in
use. and add compact_order_failed explanation.
Signed-off-by: Alex Shi <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Duyck <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Proactive compaction uses per-node/zone "fragmentation score" which is
always in range [0, 100], so use unsigned type of these scores as well as
for related constants.
Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Baoquan He <[email protected]>
Cc: Luis Chamberlain <[email protected]>
Cc: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
Cc: Iurii Zaikin <[email protected]>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <[email protected]>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Fix compile error when COMPACTION_HPAGE_ORDER is assigned to
HUGETLB_PAGE_ORDER. The correct way to check if this constant is defined
is to check for CONFIG_HUGETLBFS.
Reported-by: Nathan Chancellor <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <[email protected]>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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For some applications, we need to allocate almost all memory as hugepages.
However, on a running system, higher-order allocations can fail if the
memory is fragmented. Linux kernel currently does on-demand compaction as
we request more hugepages, but this style of compaction incurs very high
latency. Experiments with one-time full memory compaction (followed by
hugepage allocations) show that kernel is able to restore a highly
fragmented memory state to a fairly compacted memory state within <1 sec
for a 32G system. Such data suggests that a more proactive compaction can
help us allocate a large fraction of memory as hugepages keeping
allocation latencies low.
For a more proactive compaction, the approach taken here is to define a
new sysctl called 'vm.compaction_proactiveness' which dictates bounds for
external fragmentation which kcompactd tries to maintain.
The tunable takes a value in range [0, 100], with a default of 20.
Note that a previous version of this patch [1] was found to introduce too
many tunables (per-order extfrag{low, high}), but this one reduces them to
just one sysctl. Also, the new tunable is an opaque value instead of
asking for specific bounds of "external fragmentation", which would have
been difficult to estimate. The internal interpretation of this opaque
value allows for future fine-tuning.
Currently, we use a simple translation from this tunable to [low, high]
"fragmentation score" thresholds (low=100-proactiveness, high=low+10%).
The score for a node is defined as weighted mean of per-zone external
fragmentation. A zone's present_pages determines its weight.
To periodically check per-node score, we reuse per-node kcompactd threads,
which are woken up every 500 milliseconds to check the same. If a node's
score exceeds its high threshold (as derived from user-provided
proactiveness value), proactive compaction is started until its score
reaches its low threshold value. By default, proactiveness is set to 20,
which implies threshold values of low=80 and high=90.
This patch is largely based on ideas from Michal Hocko [2]. See also the
LWN article [3].
Performance data
================
System: x64_64, 1T RAM, 80 CPU threads.
Kernel: 5.6.0-rc3 + this patch
echo madvise | sudo tee /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo madvise | sudo tee /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
Before starting the driver, the system was fragmented from a userspace
program that allocates all memory and then for each 2M aligned section,
frees 3/4 of base pages using munmap. The workload is mainly anonymous
userspace pages, which are easy to move around. I intentionally avoided
unmovable pages in this test to see how much latency we incur when
hugepage allocations hit direct compaction.
1. Kernel hugepage allocation latencies
With the system in such a fragmented state, a kernel driver then allocates
as many hugepages as possible and measures allocation latency:
(all latency values are in microseconds)
- With vanilla 5.6.0-rc3
percentile latency
–––––––––– –––––––
5 7894
10 9496
25 12561
30 15295
40 18244
50 21229
60 27556
75 30147
80 31047
90 32859
95 33799
Total 2M hugepages allocated = 383859 (749G worth of hugepages out of 762G
total free => 98% of free memory could be allocated as hugepages)
- With 5.6.0-rc3 + this patch, with proactiveness=20
sysctl -w vm.compaction_proactiveness=20
percentile latency
–––––––––– –––––––
5 2
10 2
25 3
30 3
40 3
50 4
60 4
75 4
80 4
90 5
95 429
Total 2M hugepages allocated = 384105 (750G worth of hugepages out of 762G
total free => 98% of free memory could be allocated as hugepages)
2. JAVA heap allocation
In this test, we first fragment memory using the same method as for (1).
Then, we start a Java process with a heap size set to 700G and request the
heap to be allocated with THP hugepages. We also set THP to madvise to
allow hugepage backing of this heap.
/usr/bin/time
java -Xms700G -Xmx700G -XX:+UseTransparentHugePages -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch
The above command allocates 700G of Java heap using hugepages.
- With vanilla 5.6.0-rc3
17.39user 1666.48system 27:37.89elapsed
- With 5.6.0-rc3 + this patch, with proactiveness=20
8.35user 194.58system 3:19.62elapsed
Elapsed time remains around 3:15, as proactiveness is further increased.
Note that proactive compaction happens throughout the runtime of these
workloads. The situation of one-time compaction, sufficient to supply
hugepages for following allocation stream, can probably happen for more
extreme proactiveness values, like 80 or 90.
In the above Java workload, proactiveness is set to 20. The test starts
with a node's score of 80 or higher, depending on the delay between the
fragmentation step and starting the benchmark, which gives more-or-less
time for the initial round of compaction. As t he benchmark consumes
hugepages, node's score quickly rises above the high threshold (90) and
proactive compaction starts again, which brings down the score to the low
threshold level (80). Repeat.
bpftrace also confirms proactive compaction running 20+ times during the
runtime of this Java benchmark. kcompactd threads consume 100% of one of
the CPUs while it tries to bring a node's score within thresholds.
Backoff behavior
================
Above workloads produce a memory state which is easy to compact. However,
if memory is filled with unmovable pages, proactive compaction should
essentially back off. To test this aspect:
- Created a kernel driver that allocates almost all memory as hugepages
followed by freeing first 3/4 of each hugepage.
- Set proactiveness=40
- Note that proactive_compact_node() is deferred maximum number of times
with HPAGE_FRAG_CHECK_INTERVAL_MSEC of wait between each check
(=> ~30 seconds between retries).
[1] https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/11098289/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/[email protected]/
[3] https://lwn.net/Articles/817905/
Signed-off-by: Nitin Gupta <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Oleksandr Natalenko <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Khalid Aziz <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Oleksandr Natalenko <[email protected]>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <[email protected]>
Cc: Khalid Aziz <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: Mel Gorman <[email protected]>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <[email protected]>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <[email protected]>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]>
Cc: David Rientjes <[email protected]>
Cc: Nitin Gupta <[email protected]>
Cc: Oleksandr Natalenko <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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The keys in smaps output are padded to fixed width with spaces. All
except for THPeligible that uses tabs (only since commit c06306696f83
("mm: thp: fix false negative of shmem vma's THP eligibility")).
Unify the output formatting to save time debugging some naïve parsers.
(Part of the unification is also aligning FilePmdMapped with others.)
Signed-off-by: Michal Koutný <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Yang Shi <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <[email protected]>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Now that workingset detection is implemented for anonymous LRU, we don't
need large inactive list to allow detecting frequently accessed pages
before they are reclaimed, anymore. This effectively reverts the
temporary measure put in by commit "mm/vmscan: make active/inactive ratio
as 1:1 for anon lru".
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <[email protected]>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <[email protected]>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <[email protected]>
Cc: Mel Gorman <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: Minchan Kim <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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This patch implements workingset detection for anonymous LRU. All the
infrastructure is implemented by the previous patches so this patch just
activates the workingset detection by installing/retrieving the shadow
entry and adding refault calculation.
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <[email protected]>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <[email protected]>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <[email protected]>
Cc: Mel Gorman <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: Minchan Kim <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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Workingset detection for anonymous page will be implemented in the
following patch and it requires to store the shadow entries into the
swapcache. This patch implements an infrastructure to store the shadow
entry in the swapcache.
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <[email protected]>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <[email protected]>
Cc: Mel Gorman <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: Minchan Kim <[email protected]>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
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To prepare the workingset detection for anon LRU, this patch splits
workingset event counters for refault, activate and restore into anon and
file variants, as well as the refaults counter in struct lruvec.
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <[email protected]>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <[email protected]>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <[email protected]>
Cc: Mel Gorman <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: Minchan Kim <[email protected]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
|