diff options
32 files changed, 68 insertions, 620 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/devices.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/devices.rst index 035275fedbdd..e3776d77374b 100644 --- a/Documentation/admin-guide/devices.rst +++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/devices.rst @@ -7,10 +7,9 @@ This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated device numbers and ``/dev`` directory nodes for the Linux operating system. -The LaTeX version of this document is no longer maintained, nor is -the document that used to reside at lanana.org. This version in the -mainline Linux kernel is the master document. Updates shall be sent -as patches to the kernel maintainers (see the +The version of this document at lanana.org is no longer maintained. This +version in the mainline Linux kernel is the master document. Updates +shall be sent as patches to the kernel maintainers (see the :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst <submittingpatches>` document). Specifically explore the sections titled "CHAR and MISC DRIVERS", and "BLOCK LAYER" in the MAINTAINERS file to find the right maintainers diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/submitting-patches.rst b/Documentation/hwmon/submitting-patches.rst index 9a218ea996d8..d953ee763c96 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/submitting-patches.rst +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/submitting-patches.rst @@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ increase the chances of your change being accepted. * It should be unnecessary to mention, but please read and follow: - Documentation/process/submit-checklist.rst - - Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst - Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst - Documentation/process/coding-style.rst diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst b/Documentation/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst index ebd9d90882ea..9a1f020c8449 100644 --- a/Documentation/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst +++ b/Documentation/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst @@ -755,8 +755,7 @@ make a neat patch, there's administrative work to be done: it implies a more-than-passing commitment to some part of the code. - Finally, don't forget to read - ``Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst`` and possibly - ``Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst``. + ``Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst`` Kernel Cantrips =============== diff --git a/Documentation/process/5.Posting.rst b/Documentation/process/5.Posting.rst index bd36ecb29409..906235c11c24 100644 --- a/Documentation/process/5.Posting.rst +++ b/Documentation/process/5.Posting.rst @@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ of conventions and procedures which are used in the posting of patches; following them will make life much easier for everybody involved. This document will attempt to cover these expectations in reasonable detail; more information can also be found in the files -:ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst <submittingpatches>`, -:ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst <submittingdrivers>` +:ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst <submittingpatches>` and :ref:`Documentation/process/submit-checklist.rst <submitchecklist>`. diff --git a/Documentation/process/8.Conclusion.rst b/Documentation/process/8.Conclusion.rst index b32a40215858..8c847dffe76b 100644 --- a/Documentation/process/8.Conclusion.rst +++ b/Documentation/process/8.Conclusion.rst @@ -5,15 +5,13 @@ For more information There are numerous sources of information on Linux kernel development and related topics. First among those will always be the Documentation -directory found in the kernel source distribution. The top-level :ref:`process/howto.rst <process_howto>` -file is an important starting point; :ref:`process/submitting-patches.rst <submittingpatches>` -and :ref:`process/submitting-drivers.rst <submittingdrivers>` -are also something which all kernel developers should -read. Many internal kernel APIs are documented using the kerneldoc -mechanism; "make htmldocs" or "make pdfdocs" can be used to generate those -documents in HTML or PDF format (though the version of TeX shipped by some -distributions runs into internal limits and fails to process the documents -properly). +directory found in the kernel source distribution. Start with the +top-level :ref:`process/howto.rst <process_howto>`; also read +:ref:`process/submitting-patches.rst <submittingpatches>`. Many internal +kernel APIs are documented using the kerneldoc mechanism; "make htmldocs" +or "make pdfdocs" can be used to generate those documents in HTML or PDF +format (though the version of TeX shipped by some distributions runs into +internal limits and fails to process the documents properly). Various web sites discuss kernel development at all levels of detail. Your author would like to humbly suggest https://lwn.net/ as a source; diff --git a/Documentation/process/howto.rst b/Documentation/process/howto.rst index e4beeca57e5f..cd6997a9d203 100644 --- a/Documentation/process/howto.rst +++ b/Documentation/process/howto.rst @@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ required reading: patches if these rules are followed, and many people will only review code if it is in the proper style. - :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst <submittingpatches>` and :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst <submittingdrivers>` - These files describe in explicit detail how to successfully create + :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst <submittingpatches>` + This file describes in explicit detail how to successfully create and send a patch, including (but not limited to): - Email contents diff --git a/Documentation/process/index.rst b/Documentation/process/index.rst index 3587dae4d0ef..2ba2a1582bbe 100644 --- a/Documentation/process/index.rst +++ b/Documentation/process/index.rst @@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ Other guides to the community that are of interest to most developers are: :maxdepth: 1 changes - submitting-drivers stable-api-nonsense management-style stable-kernel-rules diff --git a/Documentation/process/kernel-docs.rst b/Documentation/process/kernel-docs.rst index da9527502ef0..502289d63385 100644 --- a/Documentation/process/kernel-docs.rst +++ b/Documentation/process/kernel-docs.rst @@ -1,9 +1,10 @@ .. _kernel_docs: -Index of Documentation for People Interested in Writing and/or Understanding the Linux Kernel -============================================================================================= +Index of Further Kernel Documentation +===================================== - Juan-Mariano de Goyeneche <[email protected]> +Initial Author: Juan-Mariano de Goyeneche (<[email protected]>; +email address is defunct now.) The need for a document like this one became apparent in the linux-kernel mailing list as the same questions, asking for pointers @@ -16,21 +17,16 @@ philosophy and design decisions behind this code. Unfortunately, not many documents are available for beginners to start. And, even if they exist, there was no "well-known" place which -kept track of them. These lines try to cover this lack. All documents -available on line known by the author are listed, while some reference -books are also mentioned. +kept track of them. These lines try to cover this lack. PLEASE, if you know any paper not listed here or write a new document, -send me an e-mail, and I'll include a reference to it here. Any -corrections, ideas or comments are also welcomed. +include a reference to it here, following the kernel's patch submission +process. Any corrections, ideas or comments are also welcome. -The papers that follow are listed in no particular order. All are -cataloged with the following fields: the document's "Title", the -"Author"/s, the "URL" where they can be found, some "Keywords" helpful -when searching for specific topics, and a brief "Description" of the -Document. - -Enjoy! +All documents are cataloged with the following fields: the document's +"Title", the "Author"/s, the "URL" where they can be found, some +"Keywords" helpful when searching for specific topics, and a brief +"Description" of the Document. .. note:: @@ -83,6 +79,18 @@ On-line docs Finally this trace-log is used as base for more a exact conceptual exploration and description of the Linux TCP/IP implementation.* + * Title: **The Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide** + + :Author: Peter Jay Salzman, Michael Burian, Ori Pomerantz, Bob Mottram, + Jim Huang. + :URL: https://sysprog21.github.io/lkmpg/ + :Date: 2021 + :Keywords: modules, GPL book, /proc, ioctls, system calls, + interrupt handlers . + :Description: A very nice GPL book on the topic of modules + programming. Lots of examples. Currently the new version is being + actively maintained at https://github.com/sysprog21/lkmpg. + * Title: **On submitting kernel Patches** :Author: Andi Kleen @@ -126,17 +134,19 @@ On-line docs describes how to write user-mode utilities for communicating with Card Services. - * Title: **The Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide** - - :Author: Peter Jay Salzman, Michael Burian, Ori Pomerantz, Bob Mottram, - Jim Huang. - :URL: https://sysprog21.github.io/lkmpg/ - :Date: 2021 - :Keywords: modules, GPL book, /proc, ioctls, system calls, - interrupt handlers . - :Description: A very nice GPL book on the topic of modules - programming. Lots of examples. Currently the new version is being - actively maintained at https://github.com/sysprog21/lkmpg. + * Title: **How NOT to write kernel drivers** + + :Author: Arjan van de Ven. + :URL: https://landley.net/kdocs/ols/2002/ols2002-pages-545-555.pdf + :Date: 2002 + :Keywords: driver. + :Description: Programming bugs and Do-nots in kernel driver development + :Abstract: *Quit a few tutorials, articles and books give an introduction + on how to write Linux kernel drivers. Unfortunately the things one + should NOT do in Linux kernel code is either only a minor appendix + or, more commonly, completely absent. This paper tries to briefly touch + the areas in which the most common and serious bugs and do-nots are + encountered.* * Title: **Global spinlock list and usage** diff --git a/Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst b/Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst deleted file mode 100644 index 8413b693d10d..000000000000 --- a/Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,194 +0,0 @@ -.. _submittingdrivers: - -Submitting Drivers For The Linux Kernel -======================================= - -This document is intended to explain how to submit device drivers to the -various kernel trees. Note that if you are interested in video card drivers -you should probably talk to XFree86 (https://www.xfree86.org/) and/or X.Org -(https://x.org/) instead. - -.. note:: - - This document is old and has seen little maintenance in recent years; it - should probably be updated or, perhaps better, just deleted. Most of - what is here can be found in the other development documents anyway. - - Oh, and we don't really recommend submitting changes to XFree86 :) - -Also read the :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst <submittingpatches>` -document. - - -Allocating Device Numbers -------------------------- - -Major and minor numbers for block and character devices are allocated -by the Linux assigned name and number authority (currently this is -Torben Mathiasen). The site is https://www.lanana.org/. This -also deals with allocating numbers for devices that are not going to -be submitted to the mainstream kernel. -See :ref:`Documentation/admin-guide/devices.rst <admin_devices>` -for more information on this. - -If you don't use assigned numbers then when your device is submitted it will -be given an assigned number even if that is different from values you may -have shipped to customers before. - -Who To Submit Drivers To ------------------------- - -Linux 2.0: - No new drivers are accepted for this kernel tree. - -Linux 2.2: - No new drivers are accepted for this kernel tree. - -Linux 2.4: - If the code area has a general maintainer then please submit it to - the maintainer listed in MAINTAINERS in the kernel file. If the - maintainer does not respond or you cannot find the appropriate - maintainer then please contact Willy Tarreau <[email protected]>. - -Linux 2.6 and upper: - The same rules apply as 2.4 except that you should follow linux-kernel - to track changes in API's. The final contact point for Linux 2.6+ - submissions is Andrew Morton. - -What Criteria Determine Acceptance ----------------------------------- - -Licensing: - The code must be released to us under the - GNU General Public License. If you wish the driver to be - useful to other communities such as BSD you may release - under multiple licenses. If you choose to release under - licenses other than the GPL, you should include your - rationale for your license choices in your cover letter. - See accepted licenses at include/linux/module.h - -Copyright: - The copyright owner must agree to use of GPL. - It's best if the submitter and copyright owner - are the same person/entity. If not, the name of - the person/entity authorizing use of GPL should be - listed in case it's necessary to verify the will of - the copyright owner. - -Interfaces: - If your driver uses existing interfaces and behaves like - other drivers in the same class it will be much more likely - to be accepted than if it invents gratuitous new ones. - If you need to implement a common API over Linux and NT - drivers do it in userspace. - -Code: - Please use the Linux style of code formatting as documented - in :ref:`Documentation/process/coding-style.rst <codingStyle>`. - If you have sections of code - that need to be in other formats, for example because they - are shared with a windows driver kit and you want to - maintain them just once separate them out nicely and note - this fact. - -Portability: - Pointers are not always 32bits, not all computers are little - endian, people do not all have floating point and you - shouldn't use inline x86 assembler in your driver without - careful thought. Pure x86 drivers generally are not popular. - If you only have x86 hardware it is hard to test portability - but it is easy to make sure the code can easily be made - portable. - -Clarity: - It helps if anyone can see how to fix the driver. It helps - you because you get patches not bug reports. If you submit a - driver that intentionally obfuscates how the hardware works - it will go in the bitbucket. - -PM support: - Since Linux is used on many portable and desktop systems, your - driver is likely to be used on such a system and therefore it - should support basic power management by implementing, if - necessary, the .suspend and .resume methods used during the - system-wide suspend and resume transitions. You should verify - that your driver correctly handles the suspend and resume, but - if you are unable to ensure that, please at least define the - .suspend method returning the -ENOSYS ("Function not - implemented") error. You should also try to make sure that your - driver uses as little power as possible when it's not doing - anything. For the driver testing instructions see - Documentation/power/drivers-testing.rst and for a relatively - complete overview of the power management issues related to - drivers see :ref:`Documentation/driver-api/pm/devices.rst <driverapi_pm_devices>`. - -Control: - In general if there is active maintenance of a driver by - the author then patches will be redirected to them unless - they are totally obvious and without need of checking. - If you want to be the contact and update point for the - driver it is a good idea to state this in the comments, - and include an entry in MAINTAINERS for your driver. - -What Criteria Do Not Determine Acceptance ------------------------------------------ - -Vendor: - Being the hardware vendor and maintaining the driver is - often a good thing. If there is a stable working driver from - other people already in the tree don't expect 'we are the - vendor' to get your driver chosen. Ideally work with the - existing driver author to build a single perfect driver. - -Author: - It doesn't matter if a large Linux company wrote the driver, - or you did. Nobody has any special access to the kernel - tree. Anyone who tells you otherwise isn't telling the - whole story. - - -Resources ---------- - -Linux kernel master tree: - ftp.\ *country_code*\ .kernel.org:/pub/linux/kernel/... - - where *country_code* == your country code, such as - **us**, **uk**, **fr**, etc. - - https://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - -Linux kernel mailing list: - [mail [email protected] to subscribe] - -Linux Device Drivers, Third Edition (covers 2.6.10): - https://lwn.net/Kernel/LDD3/ (free version) - -LWN.net: - Weekly summary of kernel development activity - https://lwn.net/ - - 2.6 API changes: - - https://lwn.net/Articles/2.6-kernel-api/ - - Porting drivers from prior kernels to 2.6: - - https://lwn.net/Articles/driver-porting/ - -KernelNewbies: - Documentation and assistance for new kernel programmers - - https://kernelnewbies.org/ - -Linux USB project: - http://www.linux-usb.org/ - -How to NOT write kernel driver by Arjan van de Ven: - https://landley.net/kdocs/ols/2002/ols2002-pages-545-555.pdf - -Kernel Janitor: - https://kernelnewbies.org/KernelJanitors - -GIT, Fast Version Control System: - https://git-scm.com/ diff --git a/Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst b/Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst index a1cb6280fbcf..be49d8f2601b 100644 --- a/Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst +++ b/Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst @@ -12,9 +12,8 @@ This document contains a large number of suggestions in a relatively terse format. For detailed information on how the kernel development process works, see Documentation/process/development-process.rst. Also, read Documentation/process/submit-checklist.rst -for a list of items to check before submitting code. If you are submitting -a driver, also read Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst; for device -tree binding patches, read +for a list of items to check before submitting code. +For device tree binding patches, read Documentation/devicetree/bindings/submitting-patches.rst. This documentation assumes that you're using ``git`` to prepare your patches. diff --git a/Documentation/translations/it_IT/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst b/Documentation/translations/it_IT/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst index d5c521327f6a..4bec4669cf48 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/it_IT/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/it_IT/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst @@ -795,8 +795,7 @@ anche per avere patch pulite, c'è del lavoro amministrativo da fare: di un semplice impegno su una parte del codice. - Infine, non dimenticatevi di leggere - ``Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst`` e possibilmente anche - ``Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst``. + ``Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst``. Trucchetti del kernel ===================== diff --git a/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/5.Posting.rst b/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/5.Posting.rst index 1476d51eb5e5..a036f38fc82e 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/5.Posting.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/5.Posting.rst @@ -16,9 +16,8 @@ e di procedure per la pubblicazione delle patch; seguirle renderà la vita più facile a tutti quanti. Questo documento cercherà di coprire questi argomenti con un ragionevole livello di dettaglio; più informazioni possono essere trovare nella cartella 'Documentation', nei file -:ref:`translations/it_IT/process/submitting-patches.rst <it_submittingpatches>`, -:ref:`translations/it_IT/process/submitting-drivers.rst <it_submittingdrivers>`, e -:ref:`translations/it_IT/process/submit-checklist.rst <it_submitchecklist>`. +:ref:`translations/it_IT/process/submitting-patches.rst <it_submittingpatches>` +e :ref:`translations/it_IT/process/submit-checklist.rst <it_submitchecklist>`. Quando pubblicarle diff --git a/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/8.Conclusion.rst b/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/8.Conclusion.rst index 039bfc5a4108..32659ff467c0 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/8.Conclusion.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/8.Conclusion.rst @@ -13,9 +13,8 @@ e argomenti correlati. Primo tra questi sarà sempre la cartella Documentation che si trova nei sorgenti kernel. Il file :ref:`process/howto.rst <it_process_howto>` è un punto di partenza -importante; :ref:`process/submitting-patches.rst <it_submittingpatches>` e -:ref:`process/submitting-drivers.rst <it_submittingdrivers>` sono -anch'essi qualcosa che tutti gli sviluppatori del kernel dovrebbero leggere. +importante; :ref:`process/submitting-patches.rst <it_submittingpatches>` è +anch'esso qualcosa che tutti gli sviluppatori del kernel dovrebbero leggere. Molte API interne al kernel sono documentate utilizzando il meccanismo kerneldoc; "make htmldocs" o "make pdfdocs" possono essere usati per generare quei documenti in HTML o PDF (sebbene le versioni di TeX di alcune diff --git a/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/howto.rst b/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/howto.rst index 9554368a2ae2..16ad5622d549 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/howto.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/howto.rst @@ -109,8 +109,7 @@ Di seguito una lista di file che sono presenti nei sorgente del kernel e che accetteranno patch solo se queste osserveranno tali regole, e molte persone revisioneranno il codice solo se scritto nello stile appropriato. - :ref:`Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/submitting-patches.rst <it_submittingpatches>` e - :ref:`Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/submitting-drivers.rst <it_submittingdrivers>` + :ref:`Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/submitting-patches.rst <it_submittingpatches>` Questo file descrive dettagliatamente come creare ed inviare una patch con successo, includendo (ma non solo questo): diff --git a/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/index.rst b/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/index.rst index c4c867132c88..b223b70a4a95 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/index.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/index.rst @@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ degli sviluppatori: :maxdepth: 1 changes - submitting-drivers stable-api-nonsense management-style stable-kernel-rules diff --git a/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/submitting-drivers.rst b/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/submitting-drivers.rst deleted file mode 100644 index dadd77e47613..000000000000 --- a/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/submitting-drivers.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,16 +0,0 @@ -.. include:: ../disclaimer-ita.rst - -:Original: :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst <submittingdrivers>` -:Translator: Federico Vaga <[email protected]> - -.. _it_submittingdrivers: - -Sottomettere driver per il kernel Linux -======================================= - -.. note:: - - Questo documento è vecchio e negli ultimi anni non è stato più aggiornato; - dovrebbe essere aggiornato, o forse meglio, rimosso. La maggior parte di - quello che viene detto qui può essere trovato anche negli altri documenti - dedicati allo sviluppo. Per questo motivo il documento non verrà tradotto. diff --git a/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/submitting-patches.rst b/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/submitting-patches.rst index 4fb5b3aa306d..f117ee0a36e2 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/submitting-patches.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/submitting-patches.rst @@ -18,10 +18,8 @@ Questo documento contiene un vasto numero di suggerimenti concisi. Per maggiori dettagli su come funziona il processo di sviluppo del kernel leggete Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/development-process.rst. Leggete anche Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/submit-checklist.rst per una lista di -punti da verificare prima di inviare del codice. Se state inviando un driver, -allora leggete anche -Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/submitting-drivers.rst; per delle patch -relative alle associazioni per Device Tree leggete +punti da verificare prima di inviare del codice. +Per delle patch relative alle associazioni per Device Tree leggete Documentation/translations/it_IT/process/submitting-patches.rst. Questa documentazione assume che sappiate usare ``git`` per preparare le patch. diff --git a/Documentation/translations/ja_JP/howto.rst b/Documentation/translations/ja_JP/howto.rst index 38fed6fe62fe..649e2ff2a407 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/ja_JP/howto.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/ja_JP/howto.rst @@ -129,8 +129,8 @@ [email protected] に送ることを勧めます。 ルに従っているものだけを受け付け、多くの人は正しいスタイルのコード だけをレビューします。 - :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst <codingstyle>` と :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst <submittingdrivers>` - これらのファイルには、どうやってうまくパッチを作って投稿するかにつ + :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst <codingstyle>` + このファイルには、どうやってうまくパッチを作って投稿するかにつ いて非常に詳しく書かれており、以下を含みます (これだけに限らない けれども) diff --git a/Documentation/translations/ko_KR/howto.rst b/Documentation/translations/ko_KR/howto.rst index e3cdf0c84892..e43970584ca4 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/ko_KR/howto.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/ko_KR/howto.rst @@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ [email protected]의 메인테이너에게 보낼 것을 권장한다. 메인테이너들은 이 규칙을 따르는 패치들만을 받아들일 것이고 많은 사람들이 그 패치가 올바른 스타일일 경우만 코드를 검토할 것이다. - :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst <submittingpatches>` 와 :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst <submittingdrivers>` + :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst <submittingpatches>` 이 파일들은 성공적으로 패치를 만들고 보내는 법을 다음의 내용들로 굉장히 상세히 설명하고 있다(그러나 다음으로 한정되진 않는다). diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst index bda79646bb1e..9112949b993c 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst @@ -633,8 +633,7 @@ C++ 意味着您希望在对子系统进行更改时得到询问，并了解缺陷；这意味着对某部分 代码做出更多承诺。 -- 最后，别忘记去阅读 Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst ， - 也许还有 Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst 。 +- 最后，别忘记去阅读 Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst。 Kernel 仙女棒 =============== diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/5.Posting.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/5.Posting.rst index 4ee7de13f373..6a469e1c7deb 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/5.Posting.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/5.Posting.rst @@ -19,8 +19,7 @@ 内核开发社区已经发展出一套用于发布补丁的约定和过程；遵循这些约定和过程将使 参与其中的每个人的生活更加轻松。本文档试图描述这些约定的部分细节；更多信息 也可在以下文档中找到 -:ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submitting-patches.rst <cn_submittingpatches>`， -:ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submitting-drivers.rst <cn_submittingdrivers>` +:ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submitting-patches.rst <cn_submittingpatches>` 和 :ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submit-checklist.rst <cn_submitchecklist>`。 何时寄送 diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/8.Conclusion.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/8.Conclusion.rst index 4707f0101964..643b88af97bb 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/8.Conclusion.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/8.Conclusion.rst @@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ :ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/howto.rst <cn_process_howto>` 文件是一个重要的起点； :ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submitting-patches.rst <cn_submittingpatches>` -和 :ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submitting-drivers.rst <cn_submittingdrivers>` 也是所有内核开发人员都应该阅读的内容。许多内部内核API都是使用kerneldoc机制 记录的；“make htmldocs”或“make pdfdocs”可用于以HTML或PDF格式生成这些文档 （尽管某些发行版提供的tex版本会遇到内部限制，无法正确处理文档）。 diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/howto.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/howto.rst index 1334cdb32a3c..1455190dc087 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/howto.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/howto.rst @@ -96,7 +96,6 @@ Linux内核代码中包含有大量的文档。这些文档对于学习如何与 的代码。 :ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submitting-patches.rst <cn_submittingpatches>` - :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst <submittingdrivers>` 这两份文档明确描述如何创建和发送补丁，其中包括（但不仅限于)： - 邮件内容 diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/index.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/index.rst index 39e9c88fbaa6..a683dbea0c83 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/index.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/index.rst @@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ .. toctree:: :maxdepth: 1 - submitting-drivers submit-checklist stable-api-nonsense stable-kernel-rules diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submitting-drivers.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submitting-drivers.rst deleted file mode 100644 index 98341e7cd812..000000000000 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submitting-drivers.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,160 +0,0 @@ -.. _cn_submittingdrivers: - -.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_CN.rst - -:Original: :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst - <submittingdrivers>` - -如果想评论或更新本文的内容，请直接联系原文档的维护者。如果你使用英文 -交流有困难的话，也可以向中文版维护者求助。如果本翻译更新不及时或者翻 -译存在问题，请联系中文版维护者:: - - 中文版维护者： 李阳 Li Yang <[email protected]> - 中文版翻译者： 李阳 Li Yang <[email protected]> - 中文版校译者： 陈琦 Maggie Chen <[email protected]> - 王聪 Wang Cong <[email protected]> - 张巍 Zhang Wei <[email protected]> - -如何向 Linux 内核提交驱动程序 -============================= - -这篇文档将会解释如何向不同的内核源码树提交设备驱动程序。请注意，如果你感 -兴趣的是显卡驱动程序，你也许应该访问 XFree86 项目(https://www.xfree86.org/) -和／或 X.org 项目 (https://x.org)。 - -另请参阅 Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submitting-patches.rst 文档。 - - -分配设备号 ----------- - -块设备和字符设备的主设备号与从设备号是由 Linux 命名编号分配权威 LANANA（ -现在是 Torben Mathiasen）负责分配。申请的网址是 https://www.lanana.org/。 -即使不准备提交到主流内核的设备驱动也需要在这里分配设备号。有关详细信息， -请参阅 Documentation/admin-guide/devices.rst。 - -如果你使用的不是已经分配的设备号，那么当你提交设备驱动的时候，它将会被强 -制分配一个新的设备号，即便这个设备号和你之前发给客户的截然不同。 - -设备驱动的提交对象 ------------------- - -Linux 2.0: - 此内核源码树不接受新的驱动程序。 - -Linux 2.2: - 此内核源码树不接受新的驱动程序。 - -Linux 2.4: - 如果所属的代码领域在内核的 MAINTAINERS 文件中列有一个总维护者， - 那么请将驱动程序提交给他。如果此维护者没有回应或者你找不到恰当的 - 维护者，那么请联系 Willy Tarreau <[email protected]>。 - -Linux 2.6: - 除了遵循和 2.4 版内核同样的规则外，你还需要在 linux-kernel 邮件 - 列表上跟踪最新的 API 变化。向 Linux 2.6 内核提交驱动的顶级联系人 - 是 Andrew Morton <[email protected]>。 - -决定设备驱动能否被接受的条件 ----------------------------- - -许可： 代码必须使用 GNU 通用公开许可证 (GPL) 提交给 Linux，但是 - 我们并不要求 GPL 是唯一的许可。你或许会希望同时使用多种 - 许可证发布，如果希望驱动程序可以被其他开源社区（比如BSD） - 使用。请参考 include/linux/module.h 文件中所列出的可被 - 接受共存的许可。 - -版权： 版权所有者必须同意使用 GPL 许可。最好提交者和版权所有者 - 是相同个人或实体。否则，必需列出授权使用 GPL 的版权所有 - 人或实体，以备验证之需。 - -接口： 如果你的驱动程序使用现成的接口并且和其他同类的驱动程序行 - 为相似，而不是去发明无谓的新接口，那么它将会更容易被接受。 - 如果你需要一个 Linux 和 NT 的通用驱动接口，那么请在用 - 户空间实现它。 - -代码： 请使用 Documentation/process/coding-style.rst 中所描述的 Linux 代码风 - 格。如果你的某些代码段（例如那些与 Windows 驱动程序包共 - 享的代码段）需要使用其他格式，而你却只希望维护一份代码， - 那么请将它们很好地区分出来，并且注明原因。 - -可移植性： 请注意，指针并不永远是 32 位的，不是所有的计算机都使用小 - 尾模式 (little endian) 存储数据，不是所有的人都拥有浮点 - 单元，不要随便在你的驱动程序里嵌入 x86 汇编指令。只能在 - x86 上运行的驱动程序一般是不受欢迎的。虽然你可能只有 x86 - 硬件，很难测试驱动程序在其他平台上是否可用，但是确保代码 - 可以被轻松地移植却是很简单的。 - -清晰度： 做到所有人都能修补这个驱动程序将会很有好处，因为这样你将 - 会直接收到修复的补丁而不是 bug 报告。如果你提交一个试图 - 隐藏硬件工作机理的驱动程序，那么它将会被扔进废纸篓。 - -电源管理： 因为 Linux 正在被很多移动设备和桌面系统使用，所以你的驱 - 动程序也很有可能被使用在这些设备上。它应该支持最基本的电 - 源管理，即在需要的情况下实现系统级休眠和唤醒要用到的 - .suspend 和 .resume 函数。你应该检查你的驱动程序是否能正 - 确地处理休眠与唤醒，如果实在无法确认，请至少把 .suspend - 函数定义成返回 -ENOSYS（功能未实现）错误。你还应该尝试确 - 保你的驱动在什么都不干的情况下将耗电降到最低。要获得驱动 - 程序测试的指导，请参阅 - Documentation/power/drivers-testing.rst。有关驱动程序电 - 源管理问题相对全面的概述，请参阅 - Documentation/driver-api/pm/devices.rst。 - -管理： 如果一个驱动程序的作者还在进行有效的维护，那么通常除了那 - 些明显正确且不需要任何检查的补丁以外，其他所有的补丁都会 - 被转发给作者。如果你希望成为驱动程序的联系人和更新者，最 - 好在代码注释中写明并且在 MAINTAINERS 文件中加入这个驱动 - 程序的条目。 - -不影响设备驱动能否被接受的条件 ------------------------------- - -供应商： 由硬件供应商来维护驱动程序通常是一件好事。不过，如果源码 - 树里已经有其他人提供了可稳定工作的驱动程序，那么请不要期 - 望“我是供应商”会成为内核改用你的驱动程序的理由。理想的情 - 况是：供应商与现有驱动程序的作者合作，构建一个统一完美的 - 驱动程序。 - -作者： 驱动程序是由大的 Linux 公司研发还是由你个人编写，并不影 - 响其是否能被内核接受。没有人对内核源码树享有特权。只要你 - 充分了解内核社区，你就会发现这一点。 - - -资源列表 --------- - -Linux 内核主源码树： - ftp.??.kernel.org:/pub/linux/kernel/... - ?? == 你的国家代码，例如 "cn"、"us"、"uk"、"fr" 等等 - -Linux 内核邮件列表： - [可通过向[email protected]发邮件来订阅] - -Linux 设备驱动程序，第三版（探讨 2.6.10 版内核）： - https://lwn.net/Kernel/LDD3/ （免费版） - -LWN.net: - 每周内核开发活动摘要 - https://lwn.net/ - - 2.6 版中 API 的变更： - - https://lwn.net/Articles/2.6-kernel-api/ - - 将旧版内核的驱动程序移植到 2.6 版： - - https://lwn.net/Articles/driver-porting/ - -内核新手(KernelNewbies): - 为新的内核开发者提供文档和帮助 - https://kernelnewbies.org/ - -Linux USB项目： - http://www.linux-usb.org/ - -写内核驱动的“不要”（Arjan van de Ven著）: - http://www.fenrus.org/how-to-not-write-a-device-driver-paper.pdf - -内核清洁工 (Kernel Janitor): - https://kernelnewbies.org/KernelJanitors diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submitting-patches.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submitting-patches.rst index a9570165582a..ebb7f37575c1 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submitting-patches.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submitting-patches.rst @@ -23,9 +23,7 @@ 以下文档含有大量简洁的建议， 具体请见： :ref:`Documentation/process <development_process_main>` 同样，:ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_CN/process/submit-checklist.rst <cn_submitchecklist>` -给出在提交代码前需要检查的项目的列表。如果你在提交一个驱动程序，那么 -同时阅读一下: -:ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst <submittingdrivers>` +给出在提交代码前需要检查的项目的列表。 其中许多步骤描述了Git版本控制系统的默认行为；如果您使用Git来准备补丁， 您将发现它为您完成的大部分机械工作，尽管您仍然需要准备和记录一组合理的 diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/5.Posting.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/5.Posting.rst index 5578bca403e6..280a8832ecc0 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/5.Posting.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/5.Posting.rst @@ -22,8 +22,7 @@ 內核開發社區已經發展出一套用於發布補丁的約定和過程；遵循這些約定和過程將使 參與其中的每個人的生活更加輕鬆。本文檔試圖描述這些約定的部分細節；更多信息 也可在以下文檔中找到 -:ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submitting-patches.rst <tw_submittingpatches>`， -:ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submitting-drivers.rst <tw_submittingdrivers>` +:ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submitting-patches.rst <tw_submittingpatches>` 和 :ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submit-checklist.rst <tw_submitchecklist>`。 何時郵寄 diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/8.Conclusion.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/8.Conclusion.rst index 7572b17667d9..044fcc118bef 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/8.Conclusion.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/8.Conclusion.rst @@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ :ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/howto.rst <tw_process_howto>` 文件是一個重要的起點； :ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submitting-patches.rst <tw_submittingpatches>` -和 :ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submitting-drivers.rst <tw_submittingdrivers>` 也是所有內核開發人員都應該閱讀的內容。許多內部內核API都是使用kerneldoc機制 記錄的；「make htmldocs」或「make pdfdocs」可用於以HTML或PDF格式生成這些文檔 （儘管某些發行版提供的tex版本會遇到內部限制，無法正確處理文檔）。 diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/howto.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/howto.rst index 2043691b92e3..68ae4411285b 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/howto.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/howto.rst @@ -99,7 +99,6 @@ Linux內核代碼中包含有大量的文檔。這些文檔對於學習如何與 的代碼。 :ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submitting-patches.rst <tw_submittingpatches>` - :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst <submittingdrivers>` 這兩份文檔明確描述如何創建和發送補丁，其中包括（但不僅限於)： - 郵件內容 diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/index.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/index.rst index ec7ad14bfd13..c5c59b4fd595 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/index.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/index.rst @@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ .. toctree:: :maxdepth: 1 - submitting-drivers submit-checklist stable-api-nonsense stable-kernel-rules diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submitting-drivers.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submitting-drivers.rst deleted file mode 100644 index 2fdd742318ba..000000000000 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submitting-drivers.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,164 +0,0 @@ -.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 - -.. _tw_submittingdrivers: - -.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_TW.rst - -:Original: :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst - <submittingdrivers>` - -如果想評論或更新本文的內容，請直接聯繫原文檔的維護者。如果你使用英文 -交流有困難的話，也可以向中文版維護者求助。如果本翻譯更新不及時或者翻 -譯存在問題，請聯繫中文版維護者:: - - 中文版維護者： 李陽 Li Yang <[email protected]> - 中文版翻譯者： 李陽 Li Yang <[email protected]> - 中文版校譯者： 陳琦 Maggie Chen <[email protected]> - 王聰 Wang Cong <[email protected]> - 張巍 Zhang Wei <[email protected]> - 胡皓文 Hu Haowen <[email protected]> - -如何向 Linux 內核提交驅動程序 -============================= - -這篇文檔將會解釋如何向不同的內核源碼樹提交設備驅動程序。請注意，如果你感 -興趣的是顯卡驅動程序，你也許應該訪問 XFree86 項目(https://www.xfree86.org/) -和／或 X.org 項目 (https://x.org)。 - -另請參閱 Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submitting-patches.rst 文檔。 - - -分配設備號 ----------- - -塊設備和字符設備的主設備號與從設備號是由 Linux 命名編號分配權威 LANANA（ -現在是 Torben Mathiasen）負責分配。申請的網址是 https://www.lanana.org/。 -即使不準備提交到主流內核的設備驅動也需要在這裡分配設備號。有關詳細信息， -請參閱 Documentation/admin-guide/devices.rst。 - -如果你使用的不是已經分配的設備號，那麼當你提交設備驅動的時候，它將會被強 -制分配一個新的設備號，即便這個設備號和你之前發給客戶的截然不同。 - -設備驅動的提交對象 ------------------- - -Linux 2.0: - 此內核源碼樹不接受新的驅動程序。 - -Linux 2.2: - 此內核源碼樹不接受新的驅動程序。 - -Linux 2.4: - 如果所屬的代碼領域在內核的 MAINTAINERS 文件中列有一個總維護者， - 那麼請將驅動程序提交給他。如果此維護者沒有回應或者你找不到恰當的 - 維護者，那麼請聯繫 Willy Tarreau <[email protected]>。 - -Linux 2.6: - 除了遵循和 2.4 版內核同樣的規則外，你還需要在 linux-kernel 郵件 - 列表上跟蹤最新的 API 變化。向 Linux 2.6 內核提交驅動的頂級聯繫人 - 是 Andrew Morton <[email protected]>。 - -決定設備驅動能否被接受的條件 ----------------------------- - -許可： 代碼必須使用 GNU 通用公開許可證 (GPL) 提交給 Linux，但是 - 我們並不要求 GPL 是唯一的許可。你或許會希望同時使用多種 - 許可證發布，如果希望驅動程序可以被其他開源社區（比如BSD） - 使用。請參考 include/linux/module.h 文件中所列出的可被 - 接受共存的許可。 - -版權： 版權所有者必須同意使用 GPL 許可。最好提交者和版權所有者 - 是相同個人或實體。否則，必需列出授權使用 GPL 的版權所有 - 人或實體，以備驗證之需。 - -接口： 如果你的驅動程序使用現成的接口並且和其他同類的驅動程序行 - 爲相似，而不是去發明無謂的新接口，那麼它將會更容易被接受。 - 如果你需要一個 Linux 和 NT 的通用驅動接口，那麼請在用 - 戶空間實現它。 - -代碼： 請使用 Documentation/process/coding-style.rst 中所描述的 Linux 代碼風 - 格。如果你的某些代碼段（例如那些與 Windows 驅動程序包共 - 享的代碼段）需要使用其他格式，而你卻只希望維護一份代碼， - 那麼請將它們很好地區分出來，並且註明原因。 - -可移植性： 請注意，指針並不永遠是 32 位的，不是所有的計算機都使用小 - 尾模式 (little endian) 存儲數據，不是所有的人都擁有浮點 - 單元，不要隨便在你的驅動程序里嵌入 x86 彙編指令。只能在 - x86 上運行的驅動程序一般是不受歡迎的。雖然你可能只有 x86 - 硬體，很難測試驅動程序在其他平台上是否可用，但是確保代碼 - 可以被輕鬆地移植卻是很簡單的。 - -清晰度： 做到所有人都能修補這個驅動程序將會很有好處，因爲這樣你將 - 會直接收到修復的補丁而不是 bug 報告。如果你提交一個試圖 - 隱藏硬體工作機理的驅動程序，那麼它將會被扔進廢紙簍。 - -電源管理： 因爲 Linux 正在被很多行動裝置和桌面系統使用，所以你的驅 - 動程序也很有可能被使用在這些設備上。它應該支持最基本的電 - 源管理，即在需要的情況下實現系統級休眠和喚醒要用到的 - .suspend 和 .resume 函數。你應該檢查你的驅動程序是否能正 - 確地處理休眠與喚醒，如果實在無法確認，請至少把 .suspend - 函數定義成返回 -ENOSYS（功能未實現）錯誤。你還應該嘗試確 - 保你的驅動在什麼都不乾的情況下將耗電降到最低。要獲得驅動 - 程序測試的指導，請參閱 - Documentation/power/drivers-testing.rst。有關驅動程序電 - 源管理問題相對全面的概述，請參閱 - Documentation/driver-api/pm/devices.rst。 - -管理： 如果一個驅動程序的作者還在進行有效的維護，那麼通常除了那 - 些明顯正確且不需要任何檢查的補丁以外，其他所有的補丁都會 - 被轉發給作者。如果你希望成爲驅動程序的聯繫人和更新者，最 - 好在代碼注釋中寫明並且在 MAINTAINERS 文件中加入這個驅動 - 程序的條目。 - -不影響設備驅動能否被接受的條件 ------------------------------- - -供應商： 由硬體供應商來維護驅動程序通常是一件好事。不過，如果源碼 - 樹里已經有其他人提供了可穩定工作的驅動程序，那麼請不要期 - 望「我是供應商」會成爲內核改用你的驅動程序的理由。理想的情 - 況是：供應商與現有驅動程序的作者合作，構建一個統一完美的 - 驅動程序。 - -作者： 驅動程序是由大的 Linux 公司研發還是由你個人編寫，並不影 - 響其是否能被內核接受。沒有人對內核源碼樹享有特權。只要你 - 充分了解內核社區，你就會發現這一點。 - - -資源列表 --------- - -Linux 內核主源碼樹： - ftp.??.kernel.org:/pub/linux/kernel/... - ?? == 你的國家代碼，例如 "cn"、"us"、"uk"、"fr" 等等 - -Linux 內核郵件列表： - [可通過向[email protected]發郵件來訂閱] - -Linux 設備驅動程序，第三版（探討 2.6.10 版內核）： - https://lwn.net/Kernel/LDD3/ （免費版） - -LWN.net: - 每周內核開發活動摘要 - https://lwn.net/ - - 2.6 版中 API 的變更： - - https://lwn.net/Articles/2.6-kernel-api/ - - 將舊版內核的驅動程序移植到 2.6 版： - - https://lwn.net/Articles/driver-porting/ - -內核新手(KernelNewbies): - 爲新的內核開發者提供文檔和幫助 - https://kernelnewbies.org/ - -Linux USB項目： - http://www.linux-usb.org/ - -寫內核驅動的「不要」（Arjan van de Ven著）: - http://www.fenrus.org/how-to-not-write-a-device-driver-paper.pdf - -內核清潔工 (Kernel Janitor): - https://kernelnewbies.org/KernelJanitors - diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submitting-patches.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submitting-patches.rst index c4fd48f5bd8b..3f77ef5d48a0 100644 --- a/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submitting-patches.rst +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submitting-patches.rst @@ -26,9 +26,7 @@ 以下文檔含有大量簡潔的建議， 具體請見： :ref:`Documentation/process <development_process_main>` 同樣，:ref:`Documentation/translations/zh_TW/process/submit-checklist.rst <tw_submitchecklist>` -給出在提交代碼前需要檢查的項目的列表。如果你在提交一個驅動程序，那麼 -同時閱讀一下: -:ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-drivers.rst <submittingdrivers>` +給出在提交代碼前需要檢查的項目的列表。 其中許多步驟描述了Git版本控制系統的默認行爲；如果您使用Git來準備補丁， 您將發現它爲您完成的大部分機械工作，儘管您仍然需要準備和記錄一組合理的 |