724 lines
18 KiB
C
724 lines
18 KiB
C
/* isa-skeleton.c: A network driver outline for linux.
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*
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* Written 1993-94 by Donald Becker.
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*
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* Copyright 1993 United States Government as represented by the
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* Director, National Security Agency.
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*
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* This software may be used and distributed according to the terms
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* of the GNU General Public License, incorporated herein by reference.
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*
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* The author may be reached as becker@scyld.com, or C/O
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* Scyld Computing Corporation
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* 410 Severn Ave., Suite 210
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* Annapolis MD 21403
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*
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* This file is an outline for writing a network device driver for the
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* the Linux operating system.
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*
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* To write (or understand) a driver, have a look at the "loopback.c" file to
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* get a feel of what is going on, and then use the code below as a skeleton
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* for the new driver.
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*
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*/
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static const char *version =
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"isa-skeleton.c:v1.51 9/24/94 Donald Becker (becker@cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov)\n";
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/*
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* Sources:
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* List your sources of programming information to document that
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* the driver is your own creation, and give due credit to others
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* that contributed to the work. Remember that GNU project code
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* cannot use proprietary or trade secret information. Interface
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* definitions are generally considered non-copyrightable to the
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* extent that the same names and structures must be used to be
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* compatible.
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*
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* Finally, keep in mind that the Linux kernel is has an API, not
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* ABI. Proprietary object-code-only distributions are not permitted
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* under the GPL.
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*/
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#include <linux/module.h>
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#include <linux/kernel.h>
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#include <linux/types.h>
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#include <linux/fcntl.h>
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#include <linux/interrupt.h>
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#include <linux/ioport.h>
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#include <linux/in.h>
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#include <linux/slab.h>
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#include <linux/string.h>
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#include <linux/spinlock.h>
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#include <linux/errno.h>
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#include <linux/init.h>
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#include <linux/netdevice.h>
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#include <linux/etherdevice.h>
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#include <linux/skbuff.h>
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#include <linux/bitops.h>
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#include <asm/system.h>
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#include <asm/io.h>
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#include <asm/dma.h>
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/*
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* The name of the card. Is used for messages and in the requests for
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* io regions, irqs and dma channels
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*/
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static const char* cardname = "netcard";
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/* First, a few definitions that the brave might change. */
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/* A zero-terminated list of I/O addresses to be probed. */
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static unsigned int netcard_portlist[] __initdata =
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{ 0x200, 0x240, 0x280, 0x2C0, 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0};
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/* use 0 for production, 1 for verification, >2 for debug */
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#ifndef NET_DEBUG
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#define NET_DEBUG 2
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#endif
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static unsigned int net_debug = NET_DEBUG;
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/* The number of low I/O ports used by the ethercard. */
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#define NETCARD_IO_EXTENT 32
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#define MY_TX_TIMEOUT ((400*HZ)/1000)
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/* Information that need to be kept for each board. */
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struct net_local {
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struct net_device_stats stats;
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long open_time; /* Useless example local info. */
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/* Tx control lock. This protects the transmit buffer ring
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* state along with the "tx full" state of the driver. This
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* means all netif_queue flow control actions are protected
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* by this lock as well.
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*/
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spinlock_t lock;
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};
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/* The station (ethernet) address prefix, used for IDing the board. */
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#define SA_ADDR0 0x00
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#define SA_ADDR1 0x42
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#define SA_ADDR2 0x65
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/* Index to functions, as function prototypes. */
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static int netcard_probe1(struct net_device *dev, int ioaddr);
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static int net_open(struct net_device *dev);
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static int net_send_packet(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev);
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static irqreturn_t net_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id, struct pt_regs *regs);
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static void net_rx(struct net_device *dev);
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static int net_close(struct net_device *dev);
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static struct net_device_stats *net_get_stats(struct net_device *dev);
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static void set_multicast_list(struct net_device *dev);
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static void net_tx_timeout(struct net_device *dev);
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/* Example routines you must write ;->. */
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#define tx_done(dev) 1
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static void hardware_send_packet(short ioaddr, char *buf, int length);
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static void chipset_init(struct net_device *dev, int startp);
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/*
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* Check for a network adaptor of this type, and return '0' iff one exists.
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* If dev->base_addr == 0, probe all likely locations.
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* If dev->base_addr == 1, always return failure.
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* If dev->base_addr == 2, allocate space for the device and return success
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* (detachable devices only).
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*/
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static int __init do_netcard_probe(struct net_device *dev)
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{
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int i;
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int base_addr = dev->base_addr;
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int irq = dev->irq;
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SET_MODULE_OWNER(dev);
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if (base_addr > 0x1ff) /* Check a single specified location. */
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return netcard_probe1(dev, base_addr);
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else if (base_addr != 0) /* Don't probe at all. */
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return -ENXIO;
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for (i = 0; netcard_portlist[i]; i++) {
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int ioaddr = netcard_portlist[i];
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if (netcard_probe1(dev, ioaddr) == 0)
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return 0;
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dev->irq = irq;
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}
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return -ENODEV;
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}
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static void cleanup_card(struct net_device *dev)
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{
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#ifdef jumpered_dma
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free_dma(dev->dma);
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#endif
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#ifdef jumpered_interrupts
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free_irq(dev->irq, dev);
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#endif
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release_region(dev->base_addr, NETCARD_IO_EXTENT);
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}
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#ifndef MODULE
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struct net_device * __init netcard_probe(int unit)
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{
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struct net_device *dev = alloc_etherdev(sizeof(struct net_local));
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int err;
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if (!dev)
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return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
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sprintf(dev->name, "eth%d", unit);
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netdev_boot_setup_check(dev);
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err = do_netcard_probe(dev);
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if (err)
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goto out;
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return dev;
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out:
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free_netdev(dev);
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return ERR_PTR(err);
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}
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#endif
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/*
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* This is the real probe routine. Linux has a history of friendly device
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* probes on the ISA bus. A good device probes avoids doing writes, and
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* verifies that the correct device exists and functions.
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*/
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static int __init netcard_probe1(struct net_device *dev, int ioaddr)
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{
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struct net_local *np;
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static unsigned version_printed;
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int i;
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int err = -ENODEV;
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/* Grab the region so that no one else tries to probe our ioports. */
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if (!request_region(ioaddr, NETCARD_IO_EXTENT, cardname))
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return -EBUSY;
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/*
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* For ethernet adaptors the first three octets of the station address
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* contains the manufacturer's unique code. That might be a good probe
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* method. Ideally you would add additional checks.
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*/
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if (inb(ioaddr + 0) != SA_ADDR0
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|| inb(ioaddr + 1) != SA_ADDR1
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|| inb(ioaddr + 2) != SA_ADDR2)
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goto out;
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if (net_debug && version_printed++ == 0)
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printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s", version);
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printk(KERN_INFO "%s: %s found at %#3x, ", dev->name, cardname, ioaddr);
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/* Fill in the 'dev' fields. */
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dev->base_addr = ioaddr;
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/* Retrieve and print the ethernet address. */
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for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
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printk(" %2.2x", dev->dev_addr[i] = inb(ioaddr + i));
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err = -EAGAIN;
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#ifdef jumpered_interrupts
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/*
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* If this board has jumpered interrupts, allocate the interrupt
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* vector now. There is no point in waiting since no other device
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* can use the interrupt, and this marks the irq as busy. Jumpered
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* interrupts are typically not reported by the boards, and we must
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* used autoIRQ to find them.
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*/
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if (dev->irq == -1)
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; /* Do nothing: a user-level program will set it. */
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else if (dev->irq < 2) { /* "Auto-IRQ" */
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unsigned long irq_mask = probe_irq_on();
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/* Trigger an interrupt here. */
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dev->irq = probe_irq_off(irq_mask);
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if (net_debug >= 2)
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printk(" autoirq is %d", dev->irq);
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} else if (dev->irq == 2)
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/*
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* Fixup for users that don't know that IRQ 2 is really
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* IRQ9, or don't know which one to set.
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*/
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dev->irq = 9;
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{
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int irqval = request_irq(dev->irq, &net_interrupt, 0, cardname, dev);
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if (irqval) {
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printk("%s: unable to get IRQ %d (irqval=%d).\n",
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dev->name, dev->irq, irqval);
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goto out;
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}
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}
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#endif /* jumpered interrupt */
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#ifdef jumpered_dma
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/*
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* If we use a jumpered DMA channel, that should be probed for and
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* allocated here as well. See lance.c for an example.
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*/
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if (dev->dma == 0) {
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if (request_dma(dev->dma, cardname)) {
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printk("DMA %d allocation failed.\n", dev->dma);
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goto out1;
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} else
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printk(", assigned DMA %d.\n", dev->dma);
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} else {
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short dma_status, new_dma_status;
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/* Read the DMA channel status registers. */
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dma_status = ((inb(DMA1_STAT_REG) >> 4) & 0x0f) |
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(inb(DMA2_STAT_REG) & 0xf0);
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/* Trigger a DMA request, perhaps pause a bit. */
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outw(0x1234, ioaddr + 8);
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/* Re-read the DMA status registers. */
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new_dma_status = ((inb(DMA1_STAT_REG) >> 4) & 0x0f) |
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(inb(DMA2_STAT_REG) & 0xf0);
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/*
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* Eliminate the old and floating requests,
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* and DMA4 the cascade.
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*/
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new_dma_status ^= dma_status;
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new_dma_status &= ~0x10;
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for (i = 7; i > 0; i--)
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if (test_bit(i, &new_dma_status)) {
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dev->dma = i;
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break;
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}
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if (i <= 0) {
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printk("DMA probe failed.\n");
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goto out1;
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}
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if (request_dma(dev->dma, cardname)) {
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printk("probed DMA %d allocation failed.\n", dev->dma);
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goto out1;
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}
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}
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#endif /* jumpered DMA */
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np = netdev_priv(dev);
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spin_lock_init(&np->lock);
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dev->open = net_open;
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dev->stop = net_close;
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dev->hard_start_xmit = net_send_packet;
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dev->get_stats = net_get_stats;
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dev->set_multicast_list = &set_multicast_list;
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dev->tx_timeout = &net_tx_timeout;
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dev->watchdog_timeo = MY_TX_TIMEOUT;
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err = register_netdev(dev);
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if (err)
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goto out2;
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return 0;
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out2:
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#ifdef jumpered_dma
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free_dma(dev->dma);
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#endif
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out1:
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#ifdef jumpered_interrupts
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free_irq(dev->irq, dev);
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#endif
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out:
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release_region(base_addr, NETCARD_IO_EXTENT);
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return err;
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}
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static void net_tx_timeout(struct net_device *dev)
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{
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struct net_local *np = netdev_priv(dev);
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printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: transmit timed out, %s?\n", dev->name,
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tx_done(dev) ? "IRQ conflict" : "network cable problem");
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/* Try to restart the adaptor. */
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chipset_init(dev, 1);
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np->stats.tx_errors++;
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/* If we have space available to accept new transmit
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* requests, wake up the queueing layer. This would
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* be the case if the chipset_init() call above just
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* flushes out the tx queue and empties it.
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*
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* If instead, the tx queue is retained then the
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* netif_wake_queue() call should be placed in the
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* TX completion interrupt handler of the driver instead
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* of here.
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*/
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if (!tx_full(dev))
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netif_wake_queue(dev);
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}
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/*
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* Open/initialize the board. This is called (in the current kernel)
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* sometime after booting when the 'ifconfig' program is run.
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*
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* This routine should set everything up anew at each open, even
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* registers that "should" only need to be set once at boot, so that
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* there is non-reboot way to recover if something goes wrong.
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*/
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static int
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net_open(struct net_device *dev)
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{
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struct net_local *np = netdev_priv(dev);
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int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
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/*
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* This is used if the interrupt line can turned off (shared).
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* See 3c503.c for an example of selecting the IRQ at config-time.
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*/
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if (request_irq(dev->irq, &net_interrupt, 0, cardname, dev)) {
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return -EAGAIN;
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}
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/*
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* Always allocate the DMA channel after the IRQ,
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* and clean up on failure.
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*/
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if (request_dma(dev->dma, cardname)) {
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free_irq(dev->irq, dev);
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return -EAGAIN;
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}
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/* Reset the hardware here. Don't forget to set the station address. */
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chipset_init(dev, 1);
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outb(0x00, ioaddr);
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np->open_time = jiffies;
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/* We are now ready to accept transmit requeusts from
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* the queueing layer of the networking.
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*/
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netif_start_queue(dev);
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return 0;
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}
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/* This will only be invoked if your driver is _not_ in XOFF state.
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* What this means is that you need not check it, and that this
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* invariant will hold if you make sure that the netif_*_queue()
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* calls are done at the proper times.
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*/
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static int net_send_packet(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev)
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{
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struct net_local *np = netdev_priv(dev);
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int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
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short length = ETH_ZLEN < skb->len ? skb->len : ETH_ZLEN;
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unsigned char *buf = skb->data;
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/* If some error occurs while trying to transmit this
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* packet, you should return '1' from this function.
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* In such a case you _may not_ do anything to the
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* SKB, it is still owned by the network queueing
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* layer when an error is returned. This means you
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* may not modify any SKB fields, you may not free
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* the SKB, etc.
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*/
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#if TX_RING
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/* This is the most common case for modern hardware.
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* The spinlock protects this code from the TX complete
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* hardware interrupt handler. Queue flow control is
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* thus managed under this lock as well.
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*/
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spin_lock_irq(&np->lock);
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add_to_tx_ring(np, skb, length);
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dev->trans_start = jiffies;
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/* If we just used up the very last entry in the
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* TX ring on this device, tell the queueing
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* layer to send no more.
|
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*/
|
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if (tx_full(dev))
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netif_stop_queue(dev);
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|
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/* When the TX completion hw interrupt arrives, this
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* is when the transmit statistics are updated.
|
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*/
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|
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spin_unlock_irq(&np->lock);
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#else
|
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/* This is the case for older hardware which takes
|
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* a single transmit buffer at a time, and it is
|
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* just written to the device via PIO.
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*
|
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* No spin locking is needed since there is no TX complete
|
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* event. If by chance your card does have a TX complete
|
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* hardware IRQ then you may need to utilize np->lock here.
|
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*/
|
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hardware_send_packet(ioaddr, buf, length);
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np->stats.tx_bytes += skb->len;
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|
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dev->trans_start = jiffies;
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|
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/* You might need to clean up and record Tx statistics here. */
|
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if (inw(ioaddr) == /*RU*/81)
|
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np->stats.tx_aborted_errors++;
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dev_kfree_skb (skb);
|
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#endif
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|
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return 0;
|
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}
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|
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#if TX_RING
|
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/* This handles TX complete events posted by the device
|
|
* via interrupts.
|
|
*/
|
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void net_tx(struct net_device *dev)
|
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{
|
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struct net_local *np = netdev_priv(dev);
|
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int entry;
|
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|
|
/* This protects us from concurrent execution of
|
|
* our dev->hard_start_xmit function above.
|
|
*/
|
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spin_lock(&np->lock);
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|
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entry = np->tx_old;
|
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while (tx_entry_is_sent(np, entry)) {
|
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struct sk_buff *skb = np->skbs[entry];
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|
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np->stats.tx_bytes += skb->len;
|
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dev_kfree_skb_irq (skb);
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|
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entry = next_tx_entry(np, entry);
|
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}
|
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np->tx_old = entry;
|
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|
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/* If we had stopped the queue due to a "tx full"
|
|
* condition, and space has now been made available,
|
|
* wake up the queue.
|
|
*/
|
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if (netif_queue_stopped(dev) && ! tx_full(dev))
|
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netif_wake_queue(dev);
|
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|
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spin_unlock(&np->lock);
|
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}
|
|
#endif
|
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|
|
/*
|
|
* The typical workload of the driver:
|
|
* Handle the network interface interrupts.
|
|
*/
|
|
static irqreturn_t net_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id, struct pt_regs * regs)
|
|
{
|
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struct net_device *dev = dev_id;
|
|
struct net_local *np;
|
|
int ioaddr, status;
|
|
int handled = 0;
|
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|
|
ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
|
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|
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np = netdev_priv(dev);
|
|
status = inw(ioaddr + 0);
|
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|
|
if (status == 0)
|
|
goto out;
|
|
handled = 1;
|
|
|
|
if (status & RX_INTR) {
|
|
/* Got a packet(s). */
|
|
net_rx(dev);
|
|
}
|
|
#if TX_RING
|
|
if (status & TX_INTR) {
|
|
/* Transmit complete. */
|
|
net_tx(dev);
|
|
np->stats.tx_packets++;
|
|
netif_wake_queue(dev);
|
|
}
|
|
#endif
|
|
if (status & COUNTERS_INTR) {
|
|
/* Increment the appropriate 'localstats' field. */
|
|
np->stats.tx_window_errors++;
|
|
}
|
|
out:
|
|
return IRQ_RETVAL(handled);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* We have a good packet(s), get it/them out of the buffers. */
|
|
static void
|
|
net_rx(struct net_device *dev)
|
|
{
|
|
struct net_local *lp = netdev_priv(dev);
|
|
int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
|
|
int boguscount = 10;
|
|
|
|
do {
|
|
int status = inw(ioaddr);
|
|
int pkt_len = inw(ioaddr);
|
|
|
|
if (pkt_len == 0) /* Read all the frames? */
|
|
break; /* Done for now */
|
|
|
|
if (status & 0x40) { /* There was an error. */
|
|
lp->stats.rx_errors++;
|
|
if (status & 0x20) lp->stats.rx_frame_errors++;
|
|
if (status & 0x10) lp->stats.rx_over_errors++;
|
|
if (status & 0x08) lp->stats.rx_crc_errors++;
|
|
if (status & 0x04) lp->stats.rx_fifo_errors++;
|
|
} else {
|
|
/* Malloc up new buffer. */
|
|
struct sk_buff *skb;
|
|
|
|
lp->stats.rx_bytes+=pkt_len;
|
|
|
|
skb = dev_alloc_skb(pkt_len);
|
|
if (skb == NULL) {
|
|
printk(KERN_NOTICE "%s: Memory squeeze, dropping packet.\n",
|
|
dev->name);
|
|
lp->stats.rx_dropped++;
|
|
break;
|
|
}
|
|
skb->dev = dev;
|
|
|
|
/* 'skb->data' points to the start of sk_buff data area. */
|
|
memcpy(skb_put(skb,pkt_len), (void*)dev->rmem_start,
|
|
pkt_len);
|
|
/* or */
|
|
insw(ioaddr, skb->data, (pkt_len + 1) >> 1);
|
|
|
|
netif_rx(skb);
|
|
dev->last_rx = jiffies;
|
|
lp->stats.rx_packets++;
|
|
lp->stats.rx_bytes += pkt_len;
|
|
}
|
|
} while (--boguscount);
|
|
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* The inverse routine to net_open(). */
|
|
static int
|
|
net_close(struct net_device *dev)
|
|
{
|
|
struct net_local *lp = netdev_priv(dev);
|
|
int ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
|
|
|
|
lp->open_time = 0;
|
|
|
|
netif_stop_queue(dev);
|
|
|
|
/* Flush the Tx and disable Rx here. */
|
|
|
|
disable_dma(dev->dma);
|
|
|
|
/* If not IRQ or DMA jumpered, free up the line. */
|
|
outw(0x00, ioaddr+0); /* Release the physical interrupt line. */
|
|
|
|
free_irq(dev->irq, dev);
|
|
free_dma(dev->dma);
|
|
|
|
/* Update the statistics here. */
|
|
|
|
return 0;
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* Get the current statistics.
|
|
* This may be called with the card open or closed.
|
|
*/
|
|
static struct net_device_stats *net_get_stats(struct net_device *dev)
|
|
{
|
|
struct net_local *lp = netdev_priv(dev);
|
|
short ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
|
|
|
|
/* Update the statistics from the device registers. */
|
|
lp->stats.rx_missed_errors = inw(ioaddr+1);
|
|
return &lp->stats;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* Set or clear the multicast filter for this adaptor.
|
|
* num_addrs == -1 Promiscuous mode, receive all packets
|
|
* num_addrs == 0 Normal mode, clear multicast list
|
|
* num_addrs > 0 Multicast mode, receive normal and MC packets,
|
|
* and do best-effort filtering.
|
|
*/
|
|
static void
|
|
set_multicast_list(struct net_device *dev)
|
|
{
|
|
short ioaddr = dev->base_addr;
|
|
if (dev->flags&IFF_PROMISC)
|
|
{
|
|
/* Enable promiscuous mode */
|
|
outw(MULTICAST|PROMISC, ioaddr);
|
|
}
|
|
else if((dev->flags&IFF_ALLMULTI) || dev->mc_count > HW_MAX_ADDRS)
|
|
{
|
|
/* Disable promiscuous mode, use normal mode. */
|
|
hardware_set_filter(NULL);
|
|
|
|
outw(MULTICAST, ioaddr);
|
|
}
|
|
else if(dev->mc_count)
|
|
{
|
|
/* Walk the address list, and load the filter */
|
|
hardware_set_filter(dev->mc_list);
|
|
|
|
outw(MULTICAST, ioaddr);
|
|
}
|
|
else
|
|
outw(0, ioaddr);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
#ifdef MODULE
|
|
|
|
static struct net_device *this_device;
|
|
static int io = 0x300;
|
|
static int irq;
|
|
static int dma;
|
|
static int mem;
|
|
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
|
|
|
|
int init_module(void)
|
|
{
|
|
struct net_device *dev;
|
|
int result;
|
|
|
|
if (io == 0)
|
|
printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: You shouldn't use auto-probing with insmod!\n",
|
|
cardname);
|
|
dev = alloc_etherdev(sizeof(struct net_local));
|
|
if (!dev)
|
|
return -ENOMEM;
|
|
|
|
/* Copy the parameters from insmod into the device structure. */
|
|
dev->base_addr = io;
|
|
dev->irq = irq;
|
|
dev->dma = dma;
|
|
dev->mem_start = mem;
|
|
if (do_netcard_probe(dev) == 0) {
|
|
this_device = dev;
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
free_netdev(dev);
|
|
return -ENXIO;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void
|
|
cleanup_module(void)
|
|
{
|
|
unregister_netdev(this_device);
|
|
cleanup_card(this_device);
|
|
free_netdev(this_device);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
#endif /* MODULE */
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* Local variables:
|
|
* compile-command:
|
|
* gcc -D__KERNEL__ -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wwrite-strings
|
|
* -Wredundant-decls -O2 -m486 -c skeleton.c
|
|
* version-control: t
|
|
* kept-new-versions: 5
|
|
* tab-width: 4
|
|
* c-indent-level: 4
|
|
* End:
|
|
*/
|